Machine Translation Archive

Index of data, corpora and resources

Publications 1990-1999

For other periods go to: Publications since 2010; publications 2005-2009; publications 2000-2004; publications 1970-1989; publications before 1970

 

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Bilingual corpora [see also Example-based methods, Test corpora]

(1999) Lars Ahrenberg, Magnus Merkel, Daniel Ridings, Anna Sĺgvall Hein & Jörg Tiedemann. Automatic processing of parallel corpora: A Swedish perspective. Linköping Electronic Articles in Computer and Information Science, vol. 4 (1999), nr: 2, December 1999. 45pp. [PDF, 3449KB]

(1999) Krzysztof Czuba & Xin Liu: Experiments in translingual information retrieval using web-based MT and WordNet.  Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation (TMI 99), August 23-25, 1999, University College, Chester, England; pp. 174-184 [PDF, 637KB]

(1999) Tomaž Erjavec: The ELAN Slovene-English aligned corpus. Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp. 349-357. [PDF, 250KB]

(1999) Gregory Grefenstette: The World Wide Web as a resource for example-based machine translation tasks. Translating and the Computer 21. Proceedings of the Twenty-first International Conference…10-11 November 1999 (London: Aslib, 1999); 12pp. [PDF, 157KB]

(1999) Genichiro Kikui: Resolving translation ambiguity using non-parallel bilingual corpora. ACL-1999 Unsupervised Learning in Natural Language Processing: Proceedings of the Workshop ed. Andrew Kehler and Andreas Stolcke, 21 June 1999, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA; pp.31-36. [PDF, 471KB]

(1999) Xiaoyi Ma: Parallel text collections at Linguistic Data Consortium. Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp. 346-348. [PDF, 108KB]

(1999) Kevin McTait & Arturo Trujillo: A language-neutral sparse-data algorithm for extracting translation patterns. Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation (TMI 99), August 23-25, 1999, University College, Chester, England; pp. 98-108 [PDF, 180KB]

(1999) I. Dan Melamed: Bitext maps and alignment via pattern recognition. Computational Linguistics 25 (1), pp. 107-130 [PDF, 1562KB]

(1999) Sung Hyon Myaeng, & Myung-Gil Jang: Complementing dictionary-based query translations with corpus statistics for cross-language IR. Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp.165-171. [PDF, 198KB]

(1999) Franz Josef Och: An efficient method for determining bilingual word classes. EACL’99: Ninth Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 8-12 June 1999, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; pp. 71-76. [PDF, 489KB]

(1999) Kumiko Ohmori & Masanobu Higashida: Extracting bilingual collocations from non-aligned parallel corpora. Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation (TMI 99), August 23-25, 1999, University College, Chester, England; pp. 88-97 [PDF, 243KB]

(1999) Stelios Piperidis, Christos Malavazos, & Ioannis Triantafyllou: A multi-level framework for memory-based translation aid tools. Translating and the Computer 21. Proceedings of the Twenty-first International Conference…10-11 November 1999 (London: Aslib, 1999); 9pp. [PDF, 71KB]

(1999) Reinhard Rapp: Automatic identification of word translations from unrelated English and German corpora. ACL-1999: 37th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 20-26 June 1999, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA; pp.519-526. [PDF, 709KB]

(1999) Philip Resnik: Mining the web for bilingual text. ACL-1999: 37th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 20-26 June 1999, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA; pp.527-534. [PDF, 737KB]

(1999) Oliver Streiter, Leonid L. Iomdin, Munpyo Hong & Ute Hauck: Learning, forgetting and remembering: statistical support for rule-based MT.  Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation (TMI 99), August 23-25, 1999, University College, Chester, England; pp. 44-54 [PDF, 236KB]

(1999) Key-Yih Su & Jing-Shin Chang: A customizable, self-learnable parameterized MT system: the next generation.  Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp.182-188. [PDF, 180KB]

(1998) Jeffrey Allen & Christopher Hogan: Expanding lexical coverage of parallel corpora for the EBMT approach. First International Conference on Language Resources & Evaluation, Granada, Spain, 28-30 May 1998. Proceedings ed. Antonio Rubio, Natividad Gallardo, Rosa Castro and Antonio Tejada; pp.747-754. [PDF, 302KB]

(1998) Sotiris Boutsis & Stelios Piperidis: Aligning clauses in parallel texts. Third conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing. Proceedings ed. Nancy Ide and Atro Voutilainen, 2 June 1998, Palacio de Exposiciones y Congresos, Granada, Spain; pp.17-26. [PDF, 665KB]

(1998) Pernilla Danielsson & Katarina Mühlenbock: When Stĺlhandske becomes Steelglove: a corpus based study of names in parallel text. Machine translation and the information soup: third conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, AMTA '98, Langhorne, PA,USA, October 1998; ed. David Farwell, Laurie Gerber, Eduard Hovy (Berlin: Springer Verlag, 1998); pp.266-274. [go to publisher details]

(1998) Pascale Fung: A statistical view on bilingual lexicon extraction: from parallel corpora to non-parallel corpora. Machine translation and the information soup: third conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, AMTA '98, Langhorne, PA,USA, October 1998; ed. David Farwell, Laurie Gerber, Eduard Hovy (Berlin: Springer Verlag, 1998); pp.1-17. [go to publisher details]

(1998) Éric Gaussier: Flow network models for word alignment and terminology extraction from bilingual corpora. Coling-ACL ’98: 36th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and 17th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, August 10-14, 1998, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; pp. 444-450. [PDF, 585KB]

(1998) Hitoshi Isahara: JEIDA’s English-Japanese bilingual corpus project. First International Conference on Language Resources & Evaluation, Granada, Spain, 28-30 May 1998. Proceedings ed. Antonio Rubio, Natividad Gallardo, Rosa Castro and Antonio Tejada; pp.471-474. [PDF, 113KB]

(1998) Raquel Martínez, Joseba Abaitua, & Arantza Casillas: Bitext correspondences through rich mark-up. Coling-ACL ’98: 36th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and 17th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, August 10-14, 1998, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; pp. 812-818. [PDF, 637KB]

(1998) Raquel Martínez, Joseba Abaitua, & Arantza Casillas: Aligning tagged bitexts. Coling-ACL’98: Sixth workshop on Very Large Corpora. Proceedings ed. Eugene Charniak, 15th-16th August 1998, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; pp.102-109. [PDF, 608KB]

(1998) I.Dan Melamed: Empirical methods for MT lexicon development. Machine translation and the information soup: third conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, AMTA '98, Langhorne, PA,USA, October 1998; ed. David Farwell, Laurie Gerber, Eduard Hovy (Berlin: Springer Verlag, 1998); pp.18-30. [go to publisher details]

(1998) Adam Meyers, Michiko Kosaka, & Ralph Grishman: A multilingual procedure for dictionary-based sentence alignment. Machine translation and the information soup: third conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, AMTA '98, Langhorne, PA,USA, October 1998; ed. David Farwell, Laurie Gerber, Eduard Hovy (Berlin: Springer Verlag, 1998); pp.187-198. [go to publisher details]

(1998) Philip Resnik: Parallel strands: a preliminary investigation into mining the Web for bilingual text. Machine translation and the information soup: third conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, AMTA '98, Langhorne, PA,USA, October 1998; ed. David Farwell, Laurie Gerber, Eduard Hovy (Berlin: Springer Verlag, 1998); pp.72-82. [go to publisher details]

(1998) Michael Schiehlen: Learning tense translation from bilingual corpora. Coling-ACL ’98: 36th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and 17th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, August 10-14, 1998, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; pp. 1183-1187. [PDF, 410KB]

(1998) Michel Simard: The BAF: a corpus of English-French bitext. First International Conference on Language Resources & Evaluation, Granada, Spain, 28-30 May 1998. Proceedings ed. Antonio Rubio, Natividad Gallardo, Rosa Castro and Antonio Tejada; pp.489-494. [PDF, 68KB]

(1998) Davide Turcato: Automatically creating bilingual lexicons for machine translation from bilingual text. Coling-ACL ’98: 36th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and 17th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, August 10-14, 1998, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; pp. 1299-1306. [PDF, 717KB]

(1998) Dekai Wu & Hongsing Wong: Machine translation with a stochastic grammatical channel. Coling-ACL ’98: 36th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and 17th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, August 10-14, 1998, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; pp. 1408-1415. [PDF, 691KB]

(1997) Ralf D.Brown: Automated dictionary extraction for “knowledge-free” example-based translation. TMI- 97: proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, July 23-25, 1997, St.John’s College, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA; pp.111-118. [PDF, 168KB]

(1997) Jason S.Chang & Mathis H.Chen: An alignment method for noisy parallel corpora based on image processing techniques. ACL-EACL-1997: 35th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and 8th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the Conference, 7-12 July 1997, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain; pp. 297-304. [PDF, 716KB]

(1997) Mathis H. Chen, Jason S. Chang, Sue J. Ker, & Jen-Nan Chen: TopAlign: word alignment for bilingual corpora based on topical clusters of dictionary entries and translations. TMI-97: proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, July 23-25, 1997, St.John’s College, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA; pp.127-134. [PDF, 458KB]

(1997) Pascale Fung & Kathleen McKeown: Finding terminology translations from non-parallel corpora. Fifth workshop on Very Large Corpora. Proceedings ed. Joe Zhou and Kenneth Church, 18 August 1997, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, 20 August 1997, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong; pp.192-202. [PDF, 709KB]

(1997) Hitoshi Isahara: JEIDA’s bilingual corpus and other corpora for NLP research in Japan. MT Summit VI. Machine Translation: Past, Present, Future.  Proceedings, 29 October – 1 November 1997, San Diego, California, USA; pp. 142-147 [PDF, 188KB]

(1997) I.Dan Melamed: A word-to-word model of translational equivalence. ACL-EACL-1997: 35th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and 8th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the Conference, 7-12 July 1997, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain; pp. 490-497. [PDF, 718KB]

(1997) I.Dan Melamed: A portable algorithm for mapping bitext correspondence. ACL-EACL-1997: 35th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and 8th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the Conference, 7-12 July 1997, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain; pp. 305-312. [PDF, 714KB]

(1997) Dekai Wu: Stochastic inversion transduction grammars and bilingual parsing of parallel corpora. Computational Linguistics 23 (3), pp. 378-403 [PDF, 1660KB]

(1996) Lars Ahrenberg & Magnus Merkel: On translation corpora and translation support tools: a project report. In Karin Aijmer, Bengt Altenberg & Mats Johansson (eds.) Languages in Contrast. Lund University Press, 1996. 16pp. [PDF, 45KB]

(1996) Jason J.S.Chang, Jen-Nan Chen, Huei-Hong Sheng, & Sur-Jin Ker: Combining machine readable lexical resources and bilingual corpora for broad word sense disambiguation. Expanding MT horizons: Proceedings of the Second Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, 2-5 October 1996, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (Washington, DC: AMTA); pp.115-124 [PDF, 299KB]

(1996) Ilyas Cicekli & H.Altay Güvenir: Learning translation rules from a bilingual corpus. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on New Methods in Language Processing (NeMLaP-2), Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey, 16-18 September 1996; pp.90-97.  [PDF, 146KB]

(1996) Masahiko Haruno, Satoru Ikehara, & Takefumi Yamazaki: Learning bilingual collocations by word-level sorting. Coling 1996: the 16th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1996, Center for Sprogteknologi, Copenhagen; pp. 525-530. [PDF, 578KB]

(1996) Masahiko Haruno & Takefumi Yamazaki: High-performance bilingual text alignment using statistical and dictionary information. 34th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 24-27 June 1996, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA; pp. 131-138. [PDF, 740KB]

(1996) Hiroyuki Kaji & Toshiko Aizono: Extracting word correspondences from bilingual corpora based on word co-occurrence information. Coling 1996: the 16th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1996, Center for Sprogteknologi, Copenhagen; pp. 23-28. [PDF, 543KB]

(1996) Mihoko Kitamura & Yuji Matsumoto: Automatic extraction of word sequence correspondences in parallel corpora. Fourth workshop on Very Large Corpora. Proceedings ed. Eva Ejerhed and Ido Dagan, 4 August 1996, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; pp.79-87. [PDF, 883KB]

(1996) Lucie Langlois: Bilingual concordancers:a new tool for bilingual lexicographers. Expanding MT horizons: Proceedings of the Second Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, 2-5 October 1996, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (Washington, DC: AMTA); pp.34-42 [PDF, 143KB]

(1996) Elliott Macklovitch & Marie-Louise Hannan: Line 'em up: advances in alignment technology and their impact on translation support tools. Expanding MT horizons: Proceedings of the Second Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, 2-5 October 1996, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (Washington, DC: AMTA); pp.145-156 [PDF, 179KB]

(1996) I. Dan Melamed: Automatic construction of clean broad-coverage translation lexicons.  Expanding MT horizons: Proceedings of the Second Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, 2-5 October 1996, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (Washington, DC: AMTA); pp.125-134 [PDF, 431KB]

(1996) I. Dan Melamed: Automatic detection of omissions in translations. Coling 1996: the 16th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1996, Center for Sprogteknologi, Copenhagen; pp. 764-769. [PDF, 566KB]

(1996) Adam Meyers, Roman Yangarber, & Ralph Grishman: Alignment of shared forests for bilingual corpora. Coling 1996: the 16th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1996, Center for Sprogteknologi, Copenhagen; pp. 460-465. [PDF, 475KB]

(1996) Carol Peters & Eugenio Picchi: Bilingual reference corpora for translators and translation studies [abstract]. In: Unity in diversity? International translation studies conference, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland, 9-11 May 1996; p.57. [PDF, 13KB]

(1996) Jung H. Shin, Young S. Han, & Key-Sun Choi: Bilingual knowledge acquisition from Korean-English parallel corpus using alignment method (Korean-English alignment at word and phrase level). Coling 1996: the 16th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1996, Center for Sprogteknologi, Copenhagen; pp. 230-235. [PDF, 480KB]

(1996) Michel Simard & Pierre Plamondon: Bilingual sentence alignment: balancing robustness and accuracy. Expanding MT horizons: Proceedings of the Second Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, 2-5 October 1996, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (Washington, DC: AMTA); pp.135-144 [PDF, 230KB]

(1996) Frank Smadja, Kathleen R. McKeown, & Vasileios Hatzivassiloglou: Translating collocations for bilingual lexicons: a statistical approach. Computational Linguistics 22 (1), pp. 1-38 [PDF, 2763KB]

(1996) Virach Sornlertlamvanich & Hozumi Tanaka: The automatic extraction of open compounds from text corpora. Coling 1996: the 16th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1996, Center for Sprogteknologi, Copenhagen; pp. 1143-1146. [PDF, 364KB]

(1996) Kumiko Tanaka & Hideya Iwasaki: Extraction of lexical translations from non-aligned corpora. Coling 1996: the 16th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1996, Center for Sprogteknologi, Copenhagen; pp. 580-585. [PDF, 563KB]

(1995) Hélčne Corréard: A corpus-based bilingual dictionary: why and how? In: Machine Translation Review, issue 2: October 1995; pp.25-26.

(1995) Pascale Fung: Compiling bilingual lexicon entries from a non-parallel English-Chinese corpus. Third workshop on Very Large Corpora. Proceedings ed. David Yarowsky and Kenneth Church, 30 June 1995, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; pp.173-183. [PDF, 650KB]

(1995) Pascale Fung: A pattern matching method for finding noun and proper noun translations from noisy parallel corpora.  33rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 26-30 June 1995, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; pp.236-243 . [PDF, 631KB]

(1995) Roger Garside: Matching words in a bilingual corpus. In: Machine Translation Review, issue 2: October 1995; pp.7-18

(1995) Elliott Macklovitch: TransCheck - or, the automatic validation of human translation. MT Summit V, Luxembourg, 1995. [PDF,43KB]

 (1995) Yuji Matsumoto & Mihoko Kitamura: Acquisition of translation rules from parallel corpora.  In: Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing: selected papers from RANLP ’95, ed. Ruslan Mitkov & Nicolas Nikolov, John Benjamins Publ.Co.: Amsterdam/Philadelphia, 1997; pp.405-416. [PDF, 270KB]

(1995) I.Dan Melamed: Automatic evaluation and uniform filter cascades for inducing n-best translation lexicons.  Third workshop on Very Large Corpora. Proceedings ed. David Yarowsky and Kenneth Church, 30 June 1995, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; pp.184-198. [PDF, 933KB]

(1995) Reinhard Rapp: Identifying word translations in non-parallel texts. 33rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 26-30 June 1995, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; pp.320-322 . [PDF, 265KB]

(1995) Manny Rayner, Pierrette Bouillon, & David Carter: Using corpora to develop limited-domain speech translation systems. Translating and the Computer 17. Papers from the Aslib conference held on 9th and 10th November 1995 (London: Aslib, 1995); 8pp. [PDF, 200KB]

(1995) Keh-Yih Su, Jing-Shin Chang, & Yu-Ling Una Hsu: A corpus-based two-way design for parameterized MT systems: rationale, architecture and training issues. TMI-95: proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, July 5-7, 1995, Katholieke Universiteit, Leuven, Belgium; pp.334-353. [PDF, 473KB]

(1995) Dekai Wu: An algorithm for simultaneously bracketing parallel texts by aligning words. 33rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 26-30 June 1995, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; pp.244-251 . [PDF, 772KB]

(1995) Dekai Wu: Grammarless extraction of phrasal translation examples from parallel texts. TMI-95: proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, July 5-7, 1995, Katholieke Universiteit, Leuven, Belgium; pp.355-372. [PDF, 340KB]

(1995) Dekai Wu: Trainable coarse bilingual grammars for parallel text bracketing. Third workshop on Very Large Corpora. Proceedings ed. David Yarowsky and Kenneth Church, 30 June 1995, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; pp.69-81. [PDF, 740KB]

(1995) Setsuo Yamada, Hiromi Nakaiwa, Kentaro Ogura & Satoru Ikehara: A method for automatically adapting an MT system to different domains. TMI-95: proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, July 5-7, 1995, Katholieke Universiteit, Leuven, Belgium; pp.303-310. [PDF, 189KB]

(1994) Susan Armstrong-Warwick: Acquisition and exploitation of textual resources for NLP. In: Current issues in computational linguistics: in honour of Don Walker, ed. Antonio Zampolli, Nicoletta Calzolari, Martha Palmer (Linguistica Computazionale, vol. 9-10); Pisa: Giradini Editori; Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Press, [1994]; pp.451-465. [PDF, 133KB]

(1994) G.Deville, E. Herbigniaux, P. Mousel & G. Thienpont: Reengineering linguistic resources for machine translation in medical applications. Technology partnerships for crossing the language barrier: Proceedings of the First Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas,5-8 October, Columbia, Maryland, USA. [Washington, DC: AMTA]; pp. 24-31 [PDF, 142KB]

(1994) Pascale Fung & Kathleen McKeown: Aligning noisy parallel corpora across language groups: word pair feature matching by dynamic time warping. Technology partnerships for crossing the language barrier: Proceedings of the First Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas,5-8 October, Columbia, Maryland, USA. [Washington, DC: AMTA]; pp. 81-88. [PDF, 217KB]

(1994) Akira Kumano & Hideki Hirakawa: Building an MT dictionary from parallel texts based on linguistic and statistical information. Coling 1994: the 15th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1994, Kyoto, Japan; pp. 76-81. [PDF, 412KB]

(1994) Elliott Macklovitch: Using bi-textual alignment for translation validation: the TransCheck system. Technology partnerships for crossing the language barrier: Proceedings of the First Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas,5-8 October, Columbia, Maryland, USA. [Washington, DC: AMTA]; pp. 157-168. [PDF, 223KB]

(1994) Hideki Tanaka: Verbal case frame acquisition from a bilingual corpus: gradual knowledge acquisition. Coling 1994: the 15th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1994, Kyoto, Japan; pp. 727-731. [PDF, 391KB]

(1994) Takehito Utsuro, Hiroshi Ikeda, Masaya Yamane, Yuji Matsumoto, & Makoto Nagao: Bilingual text matching using bilingual dictionary and statistics. Coling 1994: the 15th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1994, Kyoto, Japan; pp. 1076-1082. [PDF, 511KB]

(1994) Dekai Wu: Aligning a parallel English-Chinese corpus statistically with lexical criteria. 32nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 27-30 June 1994, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico, USA; pp.80-87. [PDF, 643KB]

(1994) Dekai Wu and Xuanyin Xia: Learning an English-Chinese lexicon from a parallel corpus. Technology partnerships for crossing the language barrier: Proceedings of the First Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas,5-8 October, Columbia, Maryland, USA. [Washington, DC: AMTA]; pp. 206-213 [PDF, 190KB]

(1994) Ming Zhou & Changning Huang: An efficient syntactic tagging tool for corpora. Coling 1994: the 15th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1994, Kyoto, Japan; pp. 949-955. [PDF, 426KB]

(1993) Jing-Shin Chang & Keh-Yih Su: A corpus-based statistics-oriented transfer and generation model for machine translation. TMI-93: The Fifth International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, Kyoto, Japan, July 14-16, 1993: Proceedings; pp. 3-14. [PDF, 260KB]

(1993) Stanley F. Chen: Aligning sentences in bilingual corpora using lexical information. 31st Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 22-26 June 1993, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; pp.9-16. [PDF, 652KB]

(1993) Kenneth Ward Church: Char_align: a program for aligning parallel texts at the character level. 31st Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 22-26 June 1993, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; pp. 1-8. [PDF, 625KB]

(1993) Kenneth W. Church & Robert L. Mercer: Introduction to the special issue on using large corpora. Computational Linguistics 19 (1), pp. 1-24 [PDF, 1762KB]

(1993) Shinichi Doi & Kazunori Muraki: Evaluation of DMAX criteria for selecting equivalent translation based on dual corpora statistics. TMI-93: The Fifth International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, Kyoto, Japan, July 14-16, 1993: Proceedings; pp. 302-311. [PDF, 481KB]

(1993) William A. Gale & Kenneth W. Church: A program for aligning sentences in bilingual corpora. Computational Linguistics 19 (1), pp. 76-102 [PDF, 1391KB]

(1993) Valerie Grundy & Marie-Hélčne Corréard: Corpus use in bilingual lexicography [abstract of paper] presented at Machine Translation Today: Translating and the Computer 15, 18 November 1993. 3pp. [PDF, 47KB]

(1993) Julien Kupiec: An algorithm for finding noun phrase correspondences in bilingual corpora. 31st Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 22-26 June 1993, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; pp. 17-22. [PDF, 487KB]

(1993) Yuji Matsumoto, Hiroyuki Ishimoto, & Takehito Utsuro: Structural matching of parallel texts. 31st Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 22-26 June 1993, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; pp.23-30. [PDF, 601KB]

(1993) Teruko Mitamura, Eric H. Nyberg, 3rd, & Jaime G. Carbonell: Automated corpus analysis and the acquisition of large, multi-lingual knowledge bases for MT. TMI-93: The Fifth International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, Kyoto, Japan, July 14-16, 1993: Proceedings; pp. 312-328. [PDF, 281KB]

(1993) Michel Simard, George F.Foster, & Pierre Isabelle: Using cognates to align sentences in bilingual corpora. IBM Center for Advanced Studies Conference (Toronto, Ontario, Canada): Proceedings of the 1993 conference on collaborative research: distributed computing, vol.2, pp. 1071-1082. [PDF, 861KB]

(1993) Pim van der Eijk: Automating the acquisition of bilingual terminology. Sixth conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 21-23 April 1993, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; pp. 113-119. [PDF, 859KB]

(1993) Hideo Watanabe: A method for extracting translation patterns from translation examples. TMI-93: The Fifth International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, Kyoto, Japan, July 14-16, 1993: Proceedings; pp. 292-301. [PDF, 322KB]

(1992) Fathi Debili & Elyčs Sammouda : Aligning sentences in bilingual texts : French-English and French-Arabic. [English and Arabic abstract]. Coling-92: Proceedings of the Fifteenth [i.e. Fourteenth] International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Nantes, 23-28/8/1992; p. 517. [PDF, 53KB]; full French text [PDF, 521KB]

(1992) Shinichi Doi & Kazunori Muraki: Translation ambiguity resolution based on text corpora of source and target languages. Coling-92: Proceedings of the Fifteenth [i.e. Fourteenth] International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Nantes, 23-28/8/1992; pp. 525-531. [PDF, 428KB]

(1992) William A. Gale, Kenneth W. Church, & David Yarowsky: One sense per discourse.  Speech and Natural Language: proceedings of a workshop held at Harriman, New York, USA, February 23-26, 1992. (San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann, 1992); pp. 233-237. [PDF, 883KB]

(1992) William A. Gale, Kenneth W. Church, & David Yarowsky: Using bilingual materials to develop word sense disambiguation methods Fourth International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation (TMI-92), Empiricist vs. rationalist methods in MT, June 25-27, 1992, Montreal, CCRIT-CWARC; pp.101-112. [PDF, 291KB]

(1992) Pierre Isabelle: Bi-textual aids for translators. Proceedings of the Eight Annual Conference of the UW Centre for the New OED and Text Research, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada, 1992; 15pp. [PDF, 101KB]

(1992) Hiroyuki Kaji, Yuuko Kida, & Yasutsugu Morimoto: Learning translation templates from bilingual text. Coling-92: Proceedings of the Fifteenth [i.e. Fourteenth] International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Nantes, 23-28/8/1992; pp. 672-678. [PDF, 410KB]

(1992) Satoshi Sato: CTM: an example-based translation aid system. Coling-92: Proceedings of the Fifteenth [i.e. Fourteenth] International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Nantes, 23-28/8/1992; pp. 1259-1263. [PDF, 318KB]

(1992) Michel Simard, George F. Foster, & Pierre Isabelle: Using cognates to align sentences in bilingual corpora Fourth International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation (TMI-92), Empiricist vs. rationalist methods in MT, June 25-27, 1992, Montreal, CCRIT-CWARC; pp.67-81. [PDF, 270KB]

(1992) Jun-ichi Tsujii, Sofia Ananiadou, Iris Arad, & Satoshi Sekine: Linguistic knowledge acquisition from corpora. International Workshop on Fundamental Research for the Future Generation of Natural Language Processing (FGNLP): Proceedings, 30-31 July 1992, Hotel Dominion, Manchester; Sofia Ananiadou, editor (Centre for Computational Linguistics, UMIST); pp.61-81. [PDF, 121KB]

(1992) Takehito Utsuro, Yuji Matsumoto, & Makoto Nagao: Lexical knowledge acquisition from bilingual corpora. Coling-92: Proceedings of the Fifteenth [i.e. Fourteenth] International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Nantes, 23-28/8/1992; pp. 581-587. [PDF, 481KB]

(1991) Peter F. Brown, Jennifer C.Lai, & Robert L. Mercer: Aligning sentences in parallel corpora. 29th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 18-21 June 1991, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA; pp.169-176. [PDF, 669KB]

(1991) William A. Gale & Kenneth W. Church: A program for aligning sentences in bilingual corpora.  29th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 18-21 June 1991, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA; pp.177-184. [PDF, 612KB]

 (1991) Bitext makes progress with and without the name. Language International 3 (2), April 1991; pp.5-6. [PDF, 104KB]

(1990) Judith Klavans & Evelyne Tzoukermann: The BICORD system: combining lexical information from bilingual corpora and machine readable dictionaries. Coling-90: Papers presented to the 13th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Helsinki, 20-25 August 1990; ed. Hans Karlgren; vol.3, pp. 174-179. [PDF, 569KB]

(1990) Victor Sadler: The bilingual knowledge bank (BKB): a new foundation for machine translation. [Utrecht: private publication, June 1990].46pp. [PDF, 4579KB]

(1990) Victor Sadler & Ronald Vendelmans: Pilot implementation of a bilingual knowledge bank. Coling-90: Papers presented to the 13th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Helsinki, 20-25 August 1990; ed. Hans Karlgren; vol.3, pp. 449-451. [PDF, 365KB]

Bi-text see Bilingual corpora

Comparable corpora

(1999) S.Nakazawa, T.Ochiai, K.Satoh & A.Okumura: Cross language information retrieval based on comparable corpora. Proceedings of the First NTCIR Workshop on Research in Japanese Text retrieval and Term Recognition, August 30 – September 1, Tokyo, Japan; 7pp. [PDF, 271KB]

 (1996) Carol Peters & Eugenio Picchi: Bilingual reference corpora for translators and translation studies [abstract]. In: Unity in diversity? International translation studies conference, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland, 9-11 May 1996; p.57. [PDF, 13KB]

Concordances

(1996) Lucie Langlois: Bilingual concordancers:a new tool for bilingual lexicographers. Expanding MT horizons: Proceedings of the Second Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, 2-5 October 1996, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (Washington, DC: AMTA); pp.34-42 [PDF, 143KB]

(1993) Pierre Isabelle: Machine-aided human translation and the paradigm shift MT Summit IV: International Cooperation for Global Communication. Proceedings, July 20-22, 1993, Kobe, Japan; pp.177-179 [PDF, 114KB]

(1992) A.Winarske, S.Warwick-Armstrong, & J.Hajič: Tagging and alignment of parallel texts: current status of BCP.  Third conference on Applied Natural Language Processing [of] Association for Computational Linguistics. Proceedings of the conference, 31 March – 3 April 1992, Trento, Italy;  pp.209-215. [PDF, 190KB]

Data elicitation

(1998) Sergei Nirenburg: Project Boas: “a linguist in the box” as a multi-purpose language resource. First International Conference on Language Resources & Evaluation, Granada, Spain, 28-30 May 1998. Proceedings ed. Antonio Rubio, Natividad Gallardo, Rosa Castro and Antonio Tejada; pp.739-746. [PDF, 141KB]

(1998) Sergei Nirenburg & Victor Raskin: Universal grammar and lexis for quick ramp-up of MT systems. Coling-ACL ’98: 36th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and 17th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, August 10-14, 1998, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; pp. 975-979. [PDF, 459KB]

Domain identification

(1999) Elke D.Lange & Jin Yang: Automatic domain recognition for machine translation. Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp. 641-645. [PDF, 171KB]

(1997) Yumiko Yoshimura, Satoshi Kinoshita, & Miwako Shimazu: Processing of proper nouns and use of estimated subject area for web page translation. TMI-97: proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, July 23-25, 1997, St.John’s College, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA; pp.10-18. [PDF, 459KB]

(1992) B. Roudaud: Typology study of French technical texts, with a view to developing a machine translation system. Coling-92: Proceedings of the Fifteenth [i.e. Fourteenth] International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Nantes, 23-28/8/1992; pp. 1284-1288. [PDF, 359KB]

Domain restriction and specification

(1999) Barbara Gawronska, Jaana Anttila & Dan-Ivar Jacobsson: Mental spaces, space builders and bilingual summarization of news reports. Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation (TMI 99), August 23-25, 1999, University College, Chester, England; pp. 1-10 [PDF, 210KB]

(1999) Jörg Schütz: Deploying the SAE J2450 translation quality metric in MT projects. Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp. 278-284. [PDF, 172KB]

(1999) John Tait, Jeremy Ellman, & Diomidis Spinelis: MABLe: a multi-lingual authoring tool for business letters. Translating and the Computer 21. Proceedings of the Twenty-first International Conference…10-11 November 1999 (London: Aslib, 1999); 12pp. [PDF, 152KB]

(1999) Hajime Uchino, Yoshifumi Ooyama, & Osamu Furuse: ALTFLASH: a Japanese-to-English machine translation system for market flash reports.  Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp. 438-443. [PDF, 255KB]

(1998) Ismael García-Varea and Francisco Casacuberta: Statistical translation in limited domain tasks Proceedings of the 10th European Summer School on Logic, Linguistics and Information (ESSLLI), Saarbrücken, 24-28 August 1998: Workshop on machine translation. [PDF, 240KB]

 (1998) Aarno Lehtola, Jarno Tenni, & Catherine Bounsaythip: Definition of a controlled language based on augmented lexical entries. In: CLAW 98: proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Controlled Language Applications, 21-22 May 1998, Language Technologies Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; pp.16-29. [PDF, 493KB]

(1998) Martha Palmer, Owen Rambow, & Alexis Nasr: Rapid prototyping of domain-apecific machine translation systems. Machine translation and the information soup: third conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, AMTA '98, Langhorne, PA,USA, October 1998; ed. David Farwell, Laurie Gerber, Eduard Hovy (Berlin: Springer Verlag, 1998); pp.95-102. [go to publisher details]

(1998) Claus Povlsen, Nancy Underwood, Bradley Music, & Anne Neville: Evaluating text-type suitability for machine translation: a case study on an English-Danish system. First International Conference on Language Resources & Evaluation, Granada, Spain, 28-30 May 1998. Proceedings ed. Antonio Rubio, Natividad Gallardo, Rosa Castro and Antonio Tejada; pp.27-31. [PDF, 53KB]

(1998) Jörg Schütz: Multilingual human language technology in automotive documentation workflows. Translating and the Computer 20. Proceedings of the Twentieth International Conference…12-13 November 1998 (London: Aslib, 1998); 10pp. [PDF, 188KB]

(1998) Jörg Schütz & Rita.Nübel: Evaluating language technologies: the MULTIDOC approach to taming the knowledge soup. Machine translation and the information soup: third conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, AMTA '98, Langhorne, PA,USA, October 1998; ed. David Farwell, Laurie Gerber, Eduard Hovy (Berlin: Springer Verlag, 1998); pp.236-249. [go to publisher details]

(1998) Evelyne Viegas, Arnim Ruelas, Stephen Beale, & Sergei Nirenburg: Extending a core lexicon using on-line language resources with savoir-faire. First International Conference on Language Resources & Evaluation, Granada, Spain, 28-30 May 1998. Proceedings ed. Antonio Rubio, Natividad Gallardo, Rosa Castro and Antonio Tejada; pp.97-104. [PDF, 180KB]

(1997) Hiyan Alshawi, Adam L.Buchsbaum, & Fei Xia: A comparison of head transducers and transfer for a limited domain translation application. ACL-EACL-1997: 35th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and 8th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the Conference, 7-12 July 1997, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain; pp. 360-365. [PDF, 523KB]

(1997) J.C.Amengual, J.M.Benedí, F.Casacuberta, A.Castańo, A.Castellanos, D.Llorens, A.Marzal, F.Prat, E.Vidal, & J.M.Vilar: Using categories in the EUTRANS system. Spoken Language Translation: proceedings of a workshop… ed. Steven Krauwer, Doug Arnold, Walter Kasper, Manny Rayner, Harold Somers, 11 July 1997, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Madrid, Spain; pp.44-53. [PDF, 697KB]

(1997) David Carter, Ralph Becket, Manny Rayner, Robert Eklund, Catriona MacDermid, Mats Wirén, Sabine Kirchmeier-Andersen, & Christina Philp: Translation methodology in the Spoken Language Translator: an evaluation. Spoken Language Translation: proceedings of a workshop… ed. Steven Krauwer, Doug Arnold, Walter Kasper, Manny Rayner, Harold Somers, 11 July 1997, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Madrid, Spain; pp.73-82. [PDF, 856KB]

(1997) Alon Lavie, Lori Levin, Puming Zhan, Maite Taboada, Donna Gates, Mirella Lapata, Cortis Clark, Matthew Broadhead, & Alex Waibel: Expanding the domain of a multi-lingual speech-to-speech translation system.  Spoken Language Translation: proceedings of a workshop… ed. Steven Krauwer, Doug Arnold, Walter Kasper, Manny Rayner, Harold Somers, 11 July 1997, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Madrid, Spain; pp.67-72. [PDF, 544KB]

(1997) Susann Luperfoy & Keith Miller: The use of pegs computational discourse framework as an interlingua representation.  Proceedings of the AMTA/SIG-IL First Workshop on Interlinguas, October 28, 1997, San Diego, CA, USA; pp. 73-80. [PDF,  165KB]

(1997) Kavi Mahesh, Sergei Nirenburg, & Stephen Beale: If you have it, flaunt it: using full ontological knowledge for word sense disambiguation. TMI-97: proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, July 23-25, 1997, St.John’s College, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA; pp.1-9. [PDF, 167KB]

(1997) Eric Nyberg & Teruko Mitamura: A real-time MT system for translating broadcast captions. MT Summit VI. Machine Translation: Past, Present, Future.  Proceedings, 29 October – 1 November 1997, San Diego, California, USA; pp. 51-57 [PDF, 195KB]

(1997) Philip Resnik & I.Dan Melamed: Semi-automatic acquisition of domain-specific translation lexicons.  Fifth conference on Applied Natural Language Processing [of] Association for Computational Linguistics. Proceedings of the conference, 31 March – 3 April 1997, Washington Marriott Hotel, Washington, DC, USA;  pp.340-347. [PDF, 781KB]

(1997) Evelyne Viegas: Mismatches and divergences: the continuum perspective. TMI-97: proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, July 23-25, 1997, St.John’s College, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA; pp.216-224. [PDF, 179KB]

(1996) Galia Angelova & Kalina Bontcheva: NL domain explanations in knowledge based MAT. Coling 1996: the 16th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1996, Center for Sprogteknologi, Copenhagen; pp. 1016-1019. [PDF, 456KB]

(1996) John Chandioux & Annette Grimaila: "Specialized" machine translation. Expanding MT horizons: Proceedings of the Second Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, 2-5 October 1996, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (Washington, DC: AMTA); pp.206-211 [PDF, 104KB]

(1996) John Chandioux & Annette Grimaila: System demonstration: LEXIUM. Expanding MT horizons: Proceedings of the Second Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, 2-5 October 1996, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (Washington, DC: AMTA); pp.261-263 [PDF, 65KB]

(1996) Johann Haller: MULTILINT. Translating and the Computer 18. Papers from the Aslib conference held on 14 & 15 November 1996 (London: Aslib, 1996); 8pp. [PDF, 85KB]

(1996) Anthony Hartley & Cécile Paris: Two sources of control over the generation of software instructions. 34th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 24-27 June 1996, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA; pp. 192-199. [PDF, 695KB]

(1996) Alon Lavie, Lori Levin, Alex Waibel, Donna Gates, Marsal Gavalda, & Laura Mayfield: System description: JANUS: multi-lingual translation of spontaneous speech in limited domain. Expanding MT horizons: Proceedings of the Second Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, 2-5 October 1996, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (Washington, DC: AMTA); pp.252-255 [PDF, 144KB]

(1996) Alon Lavie, Donna Gates, Marsal Gavaldŕ, Laura Mayfield, Alex Waibel, & Lori Levin: Multi-lingual translation of spontaneously spoken language in a limited domain. Coling 1996: the 16th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1996, Center for Sprogteknologi, Copenhagen; pp. 442-447. [PDF, 542KB]

(1996) Alan K.Melby: Building machine translation on a firm foundation. Translating and the Computer 18. Papers from the Aslib conference held on 14 & 15 November 1996 (London: Aslib, 1996); 10pp. [PDF, 69KB]

(1996) Jörg Schütz: Combing language technolgy and web technology to streamline an automotive hotline support service. Expanding MT horizons: Proceedings of the Second Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, 2-5 October 1996, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (Washington, DC: AMTA); pp.180-189 [PDF, 151KB]

(1996) Svetlana Sokolova: Users' experiences with a set of domain-specific dictionaries for the Stylus machine translation system. In: EAMT Workshop, Vienna, 29-30 August 1996. [PDF]

(1996) Koichi Takeda: Pattern-based context-free grammars for machine translation. 34th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 24-27 June 1996, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA; pp. 144-176. [PDF, 769KB]

(1996) Clifford Weinstein, Dinesh Tummala, Young-Suk Lee, & Stephanie Seneff: Automatic English-to-Korean text translation of telegraphic messages in a limited domain. Coling 1996: the 16th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1996, Center for Sprogteknologi, Copenhagen; pp. 705-710. [PDF, 697 KB]

(1995) L.J. Mayfield, M. Gavalda, Y-H. Seo, B. Suhm, W. Ward, & A. Waibel: Concept-based parsing for speech translation. TMI-95: proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, July 5-7, 1995, Katholieke Universiteit, Leuven, Belgium; pp.196-205. [PDF, 179KB]

(1995) J. Joachim Quantz, Uwe Kuessner, & Manfred Gehrke: Domain modeling for machine translation. TMI-95: proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, July 5-7, 1995, Katholieke Universiteit, Leuven, Belgium; pp.115-122. [PDF, 156KB]

(1995) Manny Rayner, Pierrette Bouillon, & David Carter: Using corpora to develop limited-domain speech translation systems. Translating and the Computer 17. Papers from the Aslib conference held on 9th and 10th November 1995 (London: Aslib, 1995); 8pp. [PDF, 200KB]

(1995) Keh-Yih Su, Jing-Shin Chang, & Yu-Ling Una Hsu: A corpus-based two-way design for parameterized MT systems: rationale, architecture and training issues. TMI-95: proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, July 5-7, 1995, Katholieke Universiteit, Leuven, Belgium; pp.334-353. [PDF, 473KB]

(1995) J.M. Vilar, A. Castellanos, J.M. Jiménez, J.A. Sánchez, E. Vidal, J. Oncina, & H. Rulot: Spoken-language machine translation in limited domains: can it be achieved by finite-state models? TMI-95: proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, July 5-7, 1995, Katholieke Universiteit, Leuven, Belgium; pp.326-333. [PDF, 201KB]

(1995) Setsuo Yamada, Hiromi Nakaiwa, Kentaro Ogura & Satoru Ikehara: A method for automatically adapting an MT system to different domains. TMI-95: proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, July 5-7, 1995, Katholieke Universiteit, Leuven, Belgium; pp.303-310. [PDF, 189KB]

(1994) Kathryn L. Baker, Alexander M. Franz, Pamela W. Jordan, Teruko Mitamura, & Eric H. Nyberg, 3rd:  Coping with ambiguity in a large-scale machine translation system. Coling 1994: the 15th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1994, Kyoto, Japan; pp. 90-94. [PDF, 436KB]

(1994) Osamu Furuse: Transfer-driven machine translation. Technology partnerships for crossing the language barrier. Proceedings of the First Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, 5-8 October 1994, Columbia, Maryland, USA (Washington, DC: AMTA); pp.225-226 [PDF, 216KB]

(1994) Teruko Mitamura, Eric Nyberg, & Jaime Carbonell: KANT: knowledge-based, accurate natural language translation. Technology partnerships for crossing the language barrier. Proceedings of the First Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, 5-8 October 1994, Columbia, Maryland, USA (Washington, DC: AMTA); pp.232-233 [PDF, 68KB]

(1994) Chadia Moghrabi: On parametering the choice of words in text generation and its usefulness in machine translation. International conference “Machine translation: ten years on” Proceedings ... held at Cranfield University, England, 12-14 November 1994 (Cranfield University Press, 1998) [PDF, 113KB]

(1994) Dekai Wu: Aligning a parallel English-Chinese corpus statistically with lexical criteria. 32nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 27-30 June 1994, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico, USA; pp.80-87. [PDF, 643KB]

(1993) Tsuyoshi Morimoto & Akira Kurematsu: Automatic speech translation at ATR MT Summit IV: International Cooperation for Global Communication. Proceedings, July 20-22, 1993, Kobe, Japan; pp.83-96 [PDF, 305KB]

(1993) Teruko Mitamura, Eric H. Nyberg, 3rd, & Jaime G. Carbonell: Automated corpus analysis and the acquisition of large, multi-lingual knowledge bases for MT. TMI-93: The Fifth International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, Kyoto, Japan, July 14-16, 1993: Proceedings; pp. 312-328. [PDF, 281KB]

(1993) Jörg Schütz & Bärbel Ripplinger: Machine translation supported by terminological information. TMI-93: The Fifth International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, Kyoto, Japan, July 14-16, 1993: Proceedings; pp. 102-116. [PDF, 287KB]

(1993) Donia R.Scott: Multilingual drafting of instructional texts.  Machine Translation Today: Translating and the Computer 15. Papers presented at a conference… 18-19 November 1993, CBI Conference Centre, London (London: Aslib, 1993); pp.193-196. [PDF, 117KB]

(1993) Eric Wehrli & Mira Ramluckun:  ITS-2: an interactive personal translation system. Sixth conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 21-23 April 1993, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; p. 476. [PDF, 99KB]

(1993) Y. Wilks, J. Pustejovsky, & J. Cowie: Diderot: TIPSTER program, automatic data extraction from text utilizing semantic analysis.  Human Language Technology: proceedings of a workshop held at Plainsboro, New Jersey, USA, March 21-24, 1993. (San Francisco, CA: Morgan Kaufmann, 1993); p.405. [PDF, 97KB]

 (1992) Hiyan Alshawi, David Carter, Steve Pulman, Manny Rayner, & Björn Gambäck: English-Swedish translation [of] dialogue software. Translating and the Computer 14: Quality Standards and the Implementation of Technology in Translation. Papers presented at a conference… 10-11 November 1992, CBI Conference Centre, London (London: Aslib, 1992); pp.165-174. [PDF, 73KB]

(1992) Osamu Furuse & Hitoshi Iida: An example-based method for transfer-driven machine translation Fourth International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation (TMI-92), Empiricist vs. rationalist methods in MT, June 25-27, 1992, Montreal, CCRIT-CWARC; pp.139-150. [PDF, 224KB]

 (1992) Osamu Furuse & Hitoshi Iida: Transfer-driven machine translation. International Workshop on Fundamental Research for the Future Generation of Natural Language Processing (FGNLP): Proceedings, 30-31 July 1992, Hotel Dominion, Manchester; Sofia Ananiadou, editor (Centre for Computational Linguistics, UMIST); pp.95-111. [PDF, 178KB]

(1992) L.Iordanskaja, M.Kim, R.Kittredge, B.Lavoie, & A.Polgučre: Generation of extended bilingual statistical reports. Coling-92: Proceedings of the Fifteenth [i.e. Fourteenth] International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Nantes, 23-28/8/1992; pp. 1019-1023. [PDF, 315KB]

(1992) Eric H. Nyberg III & Teruko Mitamura: The KANT system: fast, accurate, high-quality translation in practical domains. Coling-92: Proceedings of the Fifteenth [i.e. Fourteenth] International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Nantes, 23-28/8/1992; pp. 1069-1073. [PDF, 351KB]

(1992) B. Roudaud: Typology study of French technical texts, with a view to developing a machine translation system. Coling-92: Proceedings of the Fifteenth [i.e. Fourteenth] International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Nantes, 23-28/8/1992; pp. 1284-1288. [PDF, 359KB]

(1992) Bengt Sigurd, Caroline Willners, Mats Eeg-Olofsson, & Christer Johansson: Deep comprehension, generation and translation of weather forecasts (Weathra). Coling-92: Proceedings of the Fifteenth [i.e. Fourteenth] International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Nantes, 23-28/8/1992; pp. 749-755. [PDF, 341KB]

(1992) Harold Somers: Interactive multilingual text generation for a monolingual user Fourth International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation (TMI-92), Empiricist vs. rationalist methods in MT, June 25-27, 1992, Montreal, CCRIT-CWARC; pp.151-161. [PDF, 148KB]

(1992) Masami Suzuki: A method of utilizing domain and language specific constraints in dialogue translation. Coling-92: Proceedings of the Fifteenth [i.e. Fourteenth] International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Nantes, 23-28/8/1992; pp. 756-762. [PDF, 467KB]

(1992) Y. Wilks, J. Pustejovsky, & J. Cowie: Diderot: TIPSTER program, automatic data extraction from text utilizing semantic analysis.  Speech and Natural Language: proceedings of a workshop held at Harriman, New York, USA, February 23-26, 1992. (San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann, 1992); p. 479. [PDF, 541KB]

(1991) Pierrette Bouillon & Katharina Boesefeldt: Applying an experimental MT system to a realistic problem.  MT Summit III.  Proceedings, July 1-4, 1991, Washington, DC, USA; pp. 45-49 [PDF, 160KB] [Revised reprint in: Sergei Nirenburg (ed.) Progress in machine translation (Amsterdam, Oxford, Washington, DC: IOS Press; Tokyo: Ohmsha, 1993), pp. 79-86]

(1991) David B.Roe, Fernando Pereira, Richard W.Sproat, Michael D.Riley, Pedro J.Moreno, & Alejandro Macarron: Toward a spoken language translator for restricted-domain context-free languages. Eurospeech ’91 Second European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology, Genova, Italy, September 24-26, 1991; pp.1063-1066; abstract [PDF, 28KB]

(1990) J.D.Phillips: Automated production of domain-specific machine translation systems. Proceedings of a Workshop on Machine Translation, 2-3 July 1990, UMIST, Manchester, ed.J.McNaught; 8pp. [PDF, 1153KB]

(1990) Harold L.Somers, Jun-ichi Tsujii, & Danny Jones: Machine translation without a source text. Coling-90: Papers presented to the 13th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Helsinki, 20-25 August 1990; ed. Hans Karlgren; vol.3, pp. 271-276. [PDF, 611KB]

(1990) F.W.Stentiford: Work at British Telecom in automatic interpretation and translation. Proceedings of a Workshop on Machine Translation, 2-3 July 1990, UMIST, Manchester, ed.J.McNaught; 13pp. [PDF, 62KB]

(1990) Jun-ichi Tsujii: Machine translation and machine-aided translation – what’s going on. Translating and the Computer 12: Applying technology in the translation process, ed. Catriona Picken. Proceedings of a conference… 8-9 November 1990, CBI Conference Centre, London (London: Aslib, 1991); pp. 3-24. [PDF, 101KB]

Knowedge representation see Ontologies

Language resources (see also Lexical resources)

 (1999) Jeff Allen: Language resources go digital. Language International 11 (6), December 1999; pp.38-39 [PDF, 116KB]

(1999) Gerhard Budin, Alan K.Melby, Sue Ellen Wright, Deryle Lonsdale, & Arie Lommel: Integrating translation technologies using Salt. Translating and the Computer 21. Proceedings of the Twenty-first International Conference…10-11 November 1999 (London: Aslib, 1999); 9pp. [PDF, 66KB]

(1999) Nicoletta Calzolari & Antonio Zampolli: Harmonised large-scale syntactic/semantic lexicons: a European multilingual infrastructure.  Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp. 358-365. [PDF, 164KB]

 (1999) Christophe Declercq: Internet for the translator: navigating language resources on the Web. Language International 11 (6), December 1999; pp.26-27, 40. [PDF, 157KB]

(1999) Vladislav Kuboň: New languages are not virgin languages. In: EAMT Workshop, Prague, April 22-23, 1999. [PDF]

(1999) Xiaoyi Ma: Parallel text collections at Linguistic Data Consortium. Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp. 346-348. [PDF, 108KB]

(1999) Satoshi Sekine, Kiyoshi Sudo, & Takano Ogino: Statistical matching of two ontologies. SIGLEX99: Standardizing Lexical Resources. Proceedings of a workshop sponsored by the [ACL] Special Interest Group on the Lexicon, June 21, 22, 1999, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA; pp.69-73. [PDF, 453KB]

(1999) Harold L. Somers: Sources of linguistic knowledge for minority languages. Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp. 531-537. [PDF, 172KB]

(1999) Evelyne Viegas: An overt semantics with a machine-guided approach for robust LKBs. SIGLEX99: Standardizing Lexical Resources. Proceedings of a workshop sponsored by the [ACL] Special Interest Group on the Lexicon, June 21, 22, 1999, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA; pp.62-68. [PDF, 661KB]

 (1998) Khalid Choukri: First-person singular.  Language International 10 (5), 1998; pp.38-40. [PDF, 154KB]

 (1998) Deborah Fry: Evaluating language technology: EAGLES II workshop on evaluation standards and resource sharing. Language Today 7, April 1998; pp.6-7. [PDF, 1559KB]

(1998) Sergei Nirenburg: Project Boas: “a linguist in the box” as a multi-purpose language resource. First International Conference on Language Resources & Evaluation, Granada, Spain, 28-30 May 1998. Proceedings ed. Antonio Rubio, Natividad Gallardo, Rosa Castro and Antonio Tejada; pp.739-746. [PDF, 141KB]

(1998) Jeanette Řrsted & Anne Mřller: LCC – The Language Consulting Centre: Language consulting in cyberspace. Translating and the Computer 20. Proceedings of the Twentieth International Conference…12-13 November 1998 (London: Aslib, 1998); 5pp. [PDF, 28KB]

(1998) Vera Semenova: Russian resources in language engineering: evaluation and description. First International Conference on Language Resources & Evaluation, Granada, Spain, 28-30 May 1998. Proceedings ed. Antonio Rubio, Natividad Gallardo, Rosa Castro and Antonio Tejada; pp.1123-1127. [PDF, 50KB]

(1998) Harold Somers: Language resources and minority languages. Language Today 5, February 1998; pp.20-24. [PDF, 6236KB]

 (1998) Yorick Wilks & Mark Stevenson: Word sense disambiguation using optimised combinations of knowledge sources. Coling-ACL ’98: 36th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and 17th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, August 10-14, 1998, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; pp. 1398-1402. [PDF, 509KB]

(1997) Jörg Schütz: Utilizing evaluation in networked machine translation. TMI-97: proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, July 23-25, 1997, St.John’s College, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA; pp.208-215. [PDF, 154KB]

(1997) Harold L. Somers: Machine translation and minority languages. Translating and the Computer 19. Papers from the Aslib conference held on 13 & 14 November 1997 (London: Aslib, 1997); 13pp. [PDF, 175KB]

 (1995) Roger Harris: Linguistic resources on the Internet. In: Machine Translation Review, issue 1: April 1995; pp.23-31. [PDF,

(1995) Gudrún Magnúsdóttir: Building resources for machine translation: what the user hasn’t got we have to provide MT Summit V Proceedings, Luxembourg, July 10-13, 1995; 3pp. [PDF, 99KB]

(1993) Nicoletta Calzolari: European efforts towards standardizing language resources. In: Machine translation and the lexicon: Third international EAMT workshop, Heidelberg, Germany, April 26-28 1993, Proceedings (Berlin: Springer, 1995); pp.121-130. [abstract]

(1993) Laying the foundation for a European linguistic infrastructure. Language Industry Monitor, issue no.16, July-August 1993; p.3. [PDF, 96KB]

Lexical resources and lexical acquisition

(1999) Jan W.Amtrup, Karine Megerdoomian, & Rémi Zajac: Rapid development of translation tools. Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp. 385-389. [PDF, 242KB]

(1999) Timothy Baldwin, Francis Bond & Ben Hutchinson: A valency dictionary architecture for machine translation.  Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation (TMI 99), August 23-25, 1999, University College, Chester, England; pp. 207-217 [PDF, 261KB]

(1999) Michael S.Blekhman, Maryna Byezhanova, Andrei Kursin, Igor Backlan, Alexander Kazakov, & Vladimir Petrov: Computer-aided translation tools for Russian, Ukrainian, and English . Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp. 598-600. [PDF, 142KB]

(1999) Christian Boitet: A research perspective on how to democratize machine translation and translation aids aiming at high quality final output.  Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp.125-133. [PDF, 200KB]

(1999) Nicoletta Calzolari & Antonio Zampolli: Harmonised large-scale syntactic/semantic lexicons: a European multilingual infrastructure.  Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp. 358-365. [PDF, 164KB]

(1999) Hitoshi Isahara & Kyoko Kanzaki: Lexical semantics to disambiguate polysemous phenomena of Japanese adnominal constituents. ACL-1999: 37th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 20-26 June 1999, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA; pp.489-496. [PDF, 666KB]

(1999) Shin-ichiro Kamei: Sharing dictionaries among MT users by common formats and social filtering framework.  Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp.180-181. [PDF, 80KB

(1999) Hyun Ah Lee, Jong C. Park & Gil Chang Kim: Lexical selection with a target language monolingual corpus and an MRD.  Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation (TMI 99), August 23-25, 1999, University College, Chester, England; pp. 150-160 [PDF, 283KB]

(1999) Xiaoyi Ma & Mark Y.Liberman: BITS: a method for bilingual text search over the Web .  Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp. 538-542. [PDF, 138KB]

(1999) Sung Hyon Myaeng, & Myung-Gil Jang: Complementing dictionary-based query translations with corpus statistics for cross-language IR. Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp.165-171. [PDF, 198KB]

(1999) Keisuke Nakayama & Akira Kumano: Collection of dictionary data through internet translation service. Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp. 586-592. [PDF, 261KB]

(1999) Brigitte Orliac & Kutz Arrieta: TermBuilder: a lexical knowledge acquisition tool for the Logos machine translation system . Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp. 593-597. [PDF, 137KB]

(1999) Jean Senellart: Semi-automatic acquisition of lexical resources for new languages or new domains. In: EAMT Workshop, Prague, April 22-23, 1999. [abstract only, PDF]

(1999) Takaaki Tanaka & Yoshihiro Matsuo: Extraction of translation equivalents from non-parallel corpora. Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation (TMI 99), August 23-25, 1999, University College, Chester, England; pp. 109-119 [PDF, 249KB]

(1999) Piek Vossen, Wim Peters, & Julio Gonzalo: Towards a universal index of meaning.  SIGLEX99: Standardizing Lexical Resources. Proceedings of a workshop sponsored by the [ACL] Special Interest Group on the Lexicon, June 21, 22, 1999, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA; pp.81-90. [PDF, 896KB]

(1999) Jin Yang: Towards the automatic acquisition of lexical selection rules.  Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp. 397-403. [PDF, 245KB]

(1999) Rémi Zajac: A multilevel framework for incremental development of MT systems. Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp. 646-653. [PDF, 172KB]

(1998) Jeffrey Allen & Christopher Hogan: Expanding lexical coverage of parallel corpora for the EBMT approach. First International Conference on Language Resources & Evaluation, Granada, Spain, 28-30 May 1998. Proceedings ed. Antonio Rubio, Natividad Gallardo, Rosa Castro and Antonio Tejada; pp.747-754. [PDF, 302KB]

(1998) Michael S.Blekhman, Andrei Kursin, & Igor Fagradiants: Machine-aided translation tools for Slavonic languages. In: Machine Translation Review, issue 7: April 1998; pp.15-19. [PDF]

(1998) Marie-Hélčne Candito: Building parallel LTAG for French and Italian. Coling-ACL ’98: 36th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and 17th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, August 10-14, 1998, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; pp. 211-217. [PDF, 618KB]

(1998) Jason S. Chang, Sue J. Ker, & Mathis H. Chen: Taxonomy and lexical semantics—from the perspective of machine readable dictionary. Machine translation and the information soup: third conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, AMTA '98, Langhorne, PA,USA, October 1998; ed. David Farwell, Laurie Gerber, Eduard Hovy (Berlin: Springer Verlag, 1998); pp.199-212. [go to publisher details]

(1998) Nigel Collier, Hideki Hirakawa, & Akira Kumano: Machine translation vs dictionary term translation – a comparison for English-Japanese news article alignment. Coling-ACL ’98: 36th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and 17th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, August 10-14, 1998, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; pp. 263-267. [PDF, 480KB]

(1998) Nigel Collier, Kenji Ono, & Hideki Hirakawa: An experiment in hybrid dictionary and statistical sentence alignment. Coling-ACL ’98: 36th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and 17th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, August 10-14, 1998, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; pp. 268-274. [PDF, 559KB]

(1998) Bonnie J.Dorr, Antonia Martí, & Irene Castellón: Evaluation of EuroWordNet and LCS-based lexical resources for machine translation. First International Conference on Language Resources & Evaluation, Granada, Spain, 28-30 May 1998. Proceedings ed. Antonio Rubio, Natividad Gallardo, Rosa Castro and Antonio Tejada; pp.393-397. [PDF, 59KB]

(1998) Bonnie J.Dorr & Douglas W.Oard: Evaluating resources for query translation in cross-language information retrieval. First International Conference on Language Resources & Evaluation, Granada, Spain, 28-30 May 1998. Proceedings ed. Antonio Rubio, Natividad Gallardo, Rosa Castro and Antonio Tejada; pp.759-764. [PDF, 288KB]

(1998) Tomaž Erjavec, Ann Lawson, & Laurent Romary: East meets West: producing multilingual resources in a European context. First International Conference on Language Resources & Evaluation, Granada, Spain, 28-30 May 1998. Proceedings ed. Antonio Rubio, Natividad Gallardo, Rosa Castro and Antonio Tejada; pp.981-985. [PDF, 104KB]

(1998) Pascale Fung & Lo Yuen Yee: An IR approach for translating new words from nonparallel, comparable texts. Coling-ACL ’98: 36th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and 17th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, August 10-14, 1998, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; pp. 414-420. [PDF, 599KB]

(1998) Pascale Fung: A statistical view on bilingual lexicon extraction: from parallel corpora to non-parallel corpora. Machine translation and the information soup: third conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, AMTA '98, Langhorne, PA,USA, October 1998; ed. David Farwell, Laurie Gerber, Eduard Hovy (Berlin: Springer Verlag, 1998); pp.1-17. [go to publisher details]

(1998) Éric Gaussier: Flow network models for word alignment and terminology extraction from bilingual corpora. Coling-ACL ’98: 36th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and 17th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, August 10-14, 1998, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; pp. 444-450. [PDF, 585KB]

(1998) Gregory Grefenstette: Evaluating the adequacy of a multilingual transfer dictionary for the cross language information retrieval. First International Conference on Language Resources & Evaluation, Granada, Spain, 28-30 May 1998. Proceedings ed. Antonio Rubio, Natividad Gallardo, Rosa Castro and Antonio Tejada; pp.755-758. [PDF, 42KB]

(1998) Krzysztof Jassem, Maciej Lison, Filip Gralin´ski, & Boguslaw Rutkowski: A Polish-to-English electronic dictionary designed for the purposes of MT. Proceedings of the 10th European Summer School on Logic, Linguistics and Information (ESSLLI), Saarbrücken, 24-28 August 1998: Workshop on machine translation. [PDF, 283KB]

(1998) Genichiro Kikui: Term-list translation using mono-lingual word co-occurrence vectors. Coling-ACL ’98: 36th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and 17th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, August 10-14, 1998, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; pp. 670-674. [PDF, 592KB]

(1998) Susan McCormick: A centralized approach to managing multiple lexical resources. In: EAMT Workshop, Geneva, 2-3 April 1998. [PDF]

(1998) I.Dan Melamed: Empirical methods for MT lexicon development. Machine translation and the information soup: third conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, AMTA '98, Langhorne, PA,USA, October 1998; ed. David Farwell, Laurie Gerber, Eduard Hovy (Berlin: Springer Verlag, 1998); pp.18-30. [go to publisher details]

(1998) Keith J. Miller & David M. Zajic: Lexicons as gold: mining, embellishment and reuse. Machine translation and the information soup: third conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, AMTA '98, Langhorne, PA,USA, October 1998; ed. David Farwell, Laurie Gerber, Eduard Hovy (Berlin: Springer Verlag, 1998); pp.484-493. [go to publisher details]

(1998) Gábor Prószéky: An intelligent multi-dictionary environment. Coling-ACL ’98: 36th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and 17th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, August 10-14, 1998, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; pp. 1067-1071. [PDF, 669KB]

(1998) Philip Resnik: Parallel strands: a preliminary investigation into mining the Web for bilingual text. Machine translation and the information soup: third conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, AMTA '98, Langhorne, PA,USA, October 1998; ed. David Farwell, Laurie Gerber, Eduard Hovy (Berlin: Springer Verlag, 1998); pp.72-82. [go to publisher details]

(1998) Dan Tufis, Nancy Ide, & Tomaž Erjavec: Standardized specifications, development and assessment of large morpho-lexical resources for six central and eastern European languages. First International Conference on Language Resources & Evaluation, Granada, Spain, 28-30 May 1998. Proceedings ed. Antonio Rubio, Natividad Gallardo, Rosa Castro and Antonio Tejada; pp.233-239. [PDF, 104KB]

(1998) Davide Turcato: Automatically creating bilingual lexicons for machine translation from bilingual text. Coling-ACL ’98: 36th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and 17th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, August 10-14, 1998, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; pp. 1299-1306. [PDF, 717KB]

(1998) Davide Turcato, Fred Popowich, Paul McFetridge & Olivier Laurens: Reuse of linguistic resources in MT. First International Conference on Language Resources & Evaluation, Granada, Spain, 28-30 May 1998. Proceedings ed. Antonio Rubio, Natividad Gallardo, Rosa Castro and Antonio Tejada; pp.1227-1233. [PDF, 102KB]

(1998) Evelyne Viegas, Arnim Ruelas, Stephen Beale, & Sergei Nirenburg: Extending a core lexicon using on-line language resources with savoir-faire. First International Conference on Language Resources & Evaluation, Granada, Spain, 28-30 May 1998. Proceedings ed. Antonio Rubio, Natividad Gallardo, Rosa Castro and Antonio Tejada; pp.97-104. [PDF, 180KB]

(1998) Evelyne Viegas: Multilingual computational semantic lexicons in action: the WYSINNWYG approach to NLP. Coling-ACL ’98: 36th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and 17th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, August 10-14, 1998, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; pp. 1321-1327. [PDF, 696KB]

(1998) Rémi Zajac: The Habanera lexical knowledge base management system. First International Conference on Language Resources & Evaluation, Granada, Spain, 28-30 May 1998. Proceedings ed. Antonio Rubio, Natividad Gallardo, Rosa Castro and Antonio Tejada; pp.263-268. [PDF, 63KB]

(1997) M.Victoria Arranz: Lexical bottleneck in machine translation and natural language processing: a case study. Translating and the Computer 19. Papers from the Aslib conference held on 13 & 14 November 1997 (London: Aslib, 1997); 12pp. [PDF, 116KB]

(1997) Ralf D.Brown: Automated dictionary extraction for “knowledge-free” example-based translation. TMI- 97: proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, July 23-25, 1997, St.John’s College, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA; pp.111-118. [PDF, 168KB]

(1997) Bonnie J. Dorr: Large-scale acquisition of LCS-based lexicons for foreign language tutoring. Fifth conference on Applied Natural Language Processing [of] Association for Computational Linguistics. Proceedings of the conference, 31 March – 3 April 1997, Washington Marriott Hotel, Washington, DC, USA;  pp.139-146. [PDF, 776KB]

(1997) Bonnie J. Dorr, M. Antonia Martí, & Irene Castellón: Spanish EuroWordNet and LCS-based interlingual MT.  Proceedings of the AMTA/SIG-IL First Workshop on Interlinguas, October 28, 1997, San Diego, CA, USA; pp. 19-31. [PDF, 237KB]

(1997) Laurie Gerber & Jin Yang: Systran MT dictionary development.  MT Summit VI. Machine Translation: Past, Present, Future.  Proceedings, 29 October – 1 November 1997, San Diego, California, USA; pp. 211-218 [PDF, 163KB]

(1997) Walther von Hahn: Providing multilingual term explanations in machine aided translation EAMT Workshop "Language technology in your organization?", May 21 - 22, 1997, Center for Sprogteknologi, Copenhagen, Denmark; pp.79-90. [PDF, 277KB]

(1997) Krzysztof Jassem: A Polish-to-English text-to-text translation system based on an electronic dictionary.  Spoken Language Translation: proceedings of a workshop… ed. Steven Krauwer, Doug Arnold, Walter Kasper, Manny Rayner, Harold Somers, 11 July 1997, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Madrid, Spain; pp. 94-95. [PDF, 167KB]

(1997) Ian Johnson: Personal translation applications. Translating and the Computer 19. Papers from the Aslib conference held on 13 & 14 November 1997 (London: Aslib, 1997); 14pp. [PDF, 186KB]

(1997) Shin-ichiro Kamei, Etsuo Itoh, Mikiko Fujii, Tokuyuki Hirai, Yukari Saitoh, Masashito Takahashi, Tsutomu Hiyama, & Kazunori Muraki: Sharable formats and their suporting environments for exchanging user dictionaries among different MT systems as part of AAMT activities. MT Summit VI. Machine Translation: Past, Present, Future.  Proceedings, 29 October – 1 November 1997, San Diego, California, USA; pp. 132-141 [PDF, 160KB]

(1997) Hideo Miyoshi, Takano Ogino, & Kenji Sugiyama: EDR’s concept classification and description for interlingual representation.  Proceedings of the AMTA/SIG-IL First Workshop on Interlinguas, October 28, 1997, San Diego, CA, USA; pp. 81-89. [PDF,  184KB]

(1997) Philip Resnik & I.Dan Melamed: Semi-automatic acquisition of domain-specific translation lexicons.  Fifth conference on Applied Natural Language Processing [of] Association for Computational Linguistics. Proceedings of the conference, 31 March – 3 April 1997, Washington Marriott Hotel, Washington, DC, USA;  pp.340-347. [PDF, 781KB]

 (1997) James J.Romeo: Wordbot works wonders. Language International 9 (2), 1997; p.10. [PDF, 52KB]

(1997) Martin Volk: Probing the lexicon in evaluating commercial MT systems. ACL-EACL-1997: 35th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and 8th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the Conference, 7-12 July 1997, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain; pp. 112-119. [PDF, 729KB]

(1997) Piek Vossen, Pedro Díez-Orzas, & Wim Peters: Multilingual design of EuroWordNet. Automatic information extraction and building of lexical semantic resources for NLP applications. ACL/EACL-97 workshop proceedings, July 12th 1997 [at ACL-EACL-1997] ed. Piek Vossen, Geert Adriaens, Nicoletta Calzolari, Antonio Sanfilippo, Yorick Wilks, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain; pp.1-8. [PDF, 563KB]

(1996) Annelise Bech: Building term dictionaries for machine translation in practice: a user experience. In: EAMT Workshop, Vienna, 29-30 August 1996. [PDF]

(1996) Jason J.S.Chang, Jen-Nan Chen, Huei-Hong Sheng, & Sur-Jin Ker: Combining machine readable lexical resources and bilingual corpora for broad word sense disambiguation. Expanding MT horizons: Proceedings of the Second Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, 2-5 October 1996, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (Washington, DC: AMTA); pp.115-124 [PDF, 299KB]

 (1996) Bonnie J.Dorr: Use of syntax-semantics relation for automatic construction of interlingual lexicons. In: David Farwell (ed.) PREceedings of the Pre-Workshop on interlinguas and interlingual approaches to machine translation, 1 October 1996, Montreal, [AMTA]; pp.32-36. [PDF, 23KB]

(1996) Masahiko Haruno & Takefumi Yamazaki: High-performance bilingual text alignment using statistical and dictionary information. 34th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 24-27 June 1996, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA; pp. 131-138. [PDF, 740KB]

(1996) Hiroyuki Kaji & Toshiko Aizono: Extracting word correspondences from bilingual corpora based on word co-occurrence information. Coling 1996: the 16th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1996, Center for Sprogteknologi, Copenhagen; pp. 23-28. [PDF, 543KB]

(1996) Adam Kilgarriff: [review of] Donald E.Walker, Antonio Zampolli and Nicoletta Calzolari (eds.) Automating the lexicon: research and practice in a multilingual environment (Oxford University Press). In: Machine Translation Review, issue 3: April 1996; pp.35-38. [PDF]

(1996) Lucie Langlois: Bilingual concordancers:a new tool for bilingual lexicographers. Expanding MT horizons: Proceedings of the Second Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, 2-5 October 1996, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (Washington, DC: AMTA); pp.34-42 [PDF, 143KB]

(1996) Jean-Marie Leick: Generalised language resources: EURODICAUTOM, SYSTRAN and EURAMIS - a case study. In: EAMT Workshop, Vienna, 29-30 August 1996. [PDF]

(1996) Inderjeet Mani: [review of] Machine translation and the lexicon [ed.by] Petra Steffens (Springer Verlag, 1995). Computational Linguistics 22 (2), pp. 271-273 [PDF, 240KB]

(1996) I. Dan Melamed: Automatic construction of clean broad-coverage translation lexicons.  Expanding MT horizons: Proceedings of the Second Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, 2-5 October 1996, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (Washington, DC: AMTA); pp.125-134 [PDF, 431KB]

(1996) Jon Mills: [review of] B.T.S. Atkins and A.Zampolli: Computational approaches to the lexicon (Oxford University Press, 1994). In: Machine Translation Review, issue 4: October 1996; pp.35-37. [PDF]

(1996) Hideo Miyoshi, Kenji Sugiyama, Masahiro Kobayashi, & Takano Ogino: An overview of the EDR electronic dictionary and current status of its utilization. Coling 1996: the 16th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1996, Center for Sprogteknologi, Copenhagen; pp. 1090-1093. [PDF, 303KB]

(1996) Shinsuke Mori & Makato Nagao: Word extraction from corpora and its part-of-speech estimation using distributional analysis. Coling 1996: the 16th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1996, Center for Sprogteknologi, Copenhagen; pp. 1119-1122. [PDF, 355KB]

(1996) Sergei Nirenburg, Stephen Beale, Kavi Mahesh, Boyan Onyshkevych, Victor Raskin, Evelyne Viegas, Yorick Wilks, & Remi Zajac: Lexicons in the MikroKosmos project. Proceedings of the AISB ’96 Workshop on Multilinguality in the Lexicon, Brighton UK, April 1-2, 1996; 10pp. [PDF, 191KB]

(1996) Naoyuki Nomura & Kazunori Muraki: An empirical architecture for verb subcategorization frame: a lexicon for a real-world scale Japanese-English interlingual MT. Coling 1996: the 16th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1996, Center for Sprogteknologi, Copenhagen; pp. 640-645. [PDF, 573KB]

(1996) Jung H. Shin, Young S. Han, & Key-Sun Choi: Bilingual knowledge acquisition from Korean-English parallel corpus using alignment method (Korean-English alignment at word and phrase level). Coling 1996: the 16th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1996, Center for Sprogteknologi, Copenhagen; pp. 230-235. [PDF, 480KB]

(1996) Frank Smadja, Kathleen R. McKeown, & Vasileios Hatzivassiloglou: Translating collocations for bilingual lexicons: a statistical approach. Computational Linguistics 22 (1), pp. 1-38 [PDF, 2763KB]

(1996) Virach Sornlertlamvanich & Hozumi Tanaka: The automatic extraction of open compounds from text corpora. Coling 1996: the 16th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1996, Center for Sprogteknologi, Copenhagen; pp. 1143-1146. [PDF, 364KB]

(1996) Koichi Takeda: Pattern-based machine translation. Coling 1996: the 16th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1996, Center for Sprogteknologi, Copenhagen; pp. 1155-1158. [PDF, 484KB]

(1996) Kumiko Tanaka & Hideya Iwasaki: Extraction of lexical translations from non-aligned corpora. Coling 1996: the 16th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1996, Center for Sprogteknologi, Copenhagen; pp. 580-585. [PDF, 563KB]

(1996) Evelyne Viegas, Boyan Onyshkevich, Victor Raskin, & Sergei Nirenburg: From submit to submitted via submission: on lexical rules in large-scale lexicon acquisition. 34th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 24-27 June 1996, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA; pp. 32-39. [PDF, 762KB]

(1996) Evelyne Viegas & Stephen Beale: Multilinguality and reversibility in computational semantic lexicons.  Eighth International Natural Language Generation workshop (INLG’96), Proceedings, 12-15 June 1996, Herstmonceux Castle, Sussex, UK; pp. 49-52. [PDF, 352KB]

 (1996) Clare R.Voss: Using a multi-level approach and lexical interlingual forms in the NL component of a virtual reality system. In: David Farwell (ed.) PREceedings of the Pre-Workshop on interlinguas and interlingual approaches to machine translation, 1 October 1996, Montreal, [AMTA]; pp.47-50 [PDF, 18KB]

 (1996) Rémi Zajac: Structuring a multilingual multipurpose lexical database using a simple interlingual approach. In: David Farwell (ed.) PREceedings of the Pre-Workshop on interlinguas and interlingual approaches to machine translation, 1 October 1996, Montreal, [AMTA]; pp.39-44 [PDF, 26KB]

(1995) Jing-Shin Chang, Yi-Chung Lin, & Keh-Yih Su: Automatic construction of a Chinese electronic dictionary. Third workshop on Very Large Corpora. Proceedings ed. David Yarowsky and Kenneth Church, 30 June 1995, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; pp.107-120. [PDF, 1010KB]

(1995) Hélčne Corréard: A corpus-based bilingual dictionary: why and how? In: Machine Translation Review, issue 2: October 1995; pp.25-26.

(1995) Pascale Fung: Compiling bilingual lexicon entries from a non-parallel English-Chinese corpus. Third workshop on Very Large Corpora. Proceedings ed. David Yarowsky and Kenneth Church, 30 June 1995, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; pp.173-183. [PDF, 650KB]

(1995) Pascale Fung: A pattern matching method for finding noun and proper noun translations from noisy parallel corpora.  33rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 26-30 June 1995, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; pp.236-243 . [PDF, 631KB]

(1995) Adam Kilgarriff: Lexical resources for MT: a survey. In: Machine Translation Review, issue 2: October 1995; pp.19-24.

(1995) Kevin Knight, Ishwar Chander, Mathew Haines, Vasileios Hatzivassiloglou, Eduard Hovy, Masayo Iida, Steve K. Luk, Richard Whitney, & Kenji Yamada. Filling knowledge gaps in a broad-coverage MT system. Proceedings of the 14th IJCAI Conference. Montreal, Quebec. [PDF, 171KB]

(1995) I.Dan Melamed: Automatic evaluation and uniform filter cascades for inducing n-best translation lexicons.  Third workshop on Very Large Corpora. Proceedings ed. David Yarowsky and Kenneth Church, 30 June 1995, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; pp.184-198. [PDF, 933KB]

(1995) Sergei Nirenburg, Victor Raskin, & Boyan Onyshkevych: Apologiae ontologiae. TMI-95: proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, July 5-7, 1995, Katholieke Universiteit, Leuven, Belgium; pp.106-114. [PDF, 166KB]

(1994) Mohammed Y. Al-Hafez, Alfred D. Vella & Douglas Clarke: A semantic knowledge-based computational dictionary. International conference “Machine translation: ten years on” Proceedings ... held at Cranfield University, England, 12-14 November 1994 (Cranfield University Press, 1998) [PDF, 200KB]

(1994) Susan Armstrong-Warwick: Acquisition and exploitation of textual resources for NLP. In: Current issues in computational linguistics: in honour of Don Walker, ed. Antonio Zampolli, Nicoletta Calzolari, Martha Palmer (Linguistica Computazionale, vol. 9-10); Pisa: Giradini Editori; Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Press, [1994]; pp.451-465. [PDF, 133KB]

 (1994) Bianka Buschbeck-Wolf: Towards lexical representation for interlingua-based machine translation. KONVENS’94: Verarbeitung natürlicher Sprache, Wien, 28.-30.September 1994, hrsg. Harald Trost (Wien: Österreichische Gesellschaft für Artificial Intelligence, 1994); pp.52-61. [PDF, 339KB]

(1994) Béatrice Daille: Study and implementation of combined techniques for automatic extraction of terminology. The balancing act: combining symbolic and statistical approaches to language. Proceedings of the workshop, 1 July 1994, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico. (ACL, 1994); pp.29-36. [PDF, 1078KB]

(1994) Béatrice Daille, Éric Gaussier, & Jean-Marc Langé: Towards automatic extraction of monolingual and bilingual terminology. Coling 1994: the 15th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1994, Kyoto, Japan; pp. 515-521. [PDF, 466KB]

(1994) Bonnie Dorr & Clare Voss: The case for a MT developers' tool with a two-component view of the interlingua. Technology partnerships for crossing the language barrier: Proceedings of the First Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas,5-8 October, Columbia, Maryland, USA. [Washington, DC: AMTA]; pp. 40-47 [PDF, 143KB]

(1994) Bonnie Glover Stalls, Robert Belvin, Alfredo Arnaiz, Christine Montgomery, & Robert Stumberger: An adaptation of lexical conceptual structures to multilingual processing in an existing text understanding system. Technology partnerships for crossing the language barrier: Proceedings of the First Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas,5-8 October, Columbia, Maryland, USA. [Washington, DC: AMTA]; pp.106-113. [PDF, 186KB]

(1994) Satoru Ikehara, Satoshi Shirai, Akio Yokoo, Francis Bond, & Yoshie Omi: Automatic acquisition of semantic attributes for user defined words in Japanese to English machine translation.  Fourth conference on Applied Natural Language Processing [of] Association for Computational Linguistics. Proceedings of the conference, 13-15 October 1994, Stuttgart, Germany;  pp.184-85. [PDF, 210KB]

(1994) Kevin Knight & Steve K. Luk. Building a large-scale knowledge base for machine translation. 12th National conference of the American Association for Artificial Intelligence (AAAI 1994) July 31 - August 4, 1994, Seattle,Washington,USA. [PDF, 135KB]

(1994) A. Koizumi, M. Arioka, C. Harada, M. Sugimoto, L. Guthrie, C. Watts, R. Catizone, & Y. Wilks: Noun phrasal entries in the EDR English word dictionary. Coling 1994: the 15th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1994, Kyoto, Japan; pp. 257-262. [PDF, 477KB]

(1994) Eiji Komatsu, Jin Cui, & Hiroshi Yasuhara: English generation from interlingua by example-based method. Coling 1994: the 15th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1994, Kyoto, Japan; pp. 363-368. [PDF, 477KB]

(1994) Akira Kumano & Hideki Hirakawa: Building an MT dictionary from parallel texts based on linguistic and statistical information. Coling 1994: the 15th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1994, Kyoto, Japan; pp. 76-81. [PDF, 412KB]

(1994) Lori Levin & Sergei Nirenburg: The correct place of lexical semantics in interlingual MT. Coling 1994: the 15th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1994, Kyoto, Japan; pp. 349-355. [PDF, 532KB]

(1994) Lori Levin & Sergei Nirenburg: Construction-based MT lexicons.  In: Current issues in computational linguistics: in honour of Don Walker, ed. Antonio Zampolli, Nicoletta Calzolari, Martha Palmer (Linguistica Computazionale, vol. 9-10); Pisa: Giradini Editori; Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Press, [1994]; pp.321-338. [PDF, 77KB]

(1994) Nadia Mesli: Interlingua vs. transfer? Knowledge sharing across projects. Technology partnerships for crossing the language barrier: Proceedings of the First Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas,5-8 October, Columbia, Maryland, USA. [Washington, DC: AMTA]; pp. 169-176. [PDF, 171KB]

(1994) Akitoshi Okumura & Eduard Hovy: Building Japanese-English dictionary based on ontology for machine translation. Human Language Technology: proceedings of a workshop held at Plainsboro, New Jersey, USA, March 8-11, 1994. (San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann, 1994); pp. 141-146. [PDF, 953KB]

(1994) Akitoshi Okumura & Eduard Hovy. Lexicon-to-ontology concept association using a bilingual dictionary. Technology partnerships for crossing the language barrier: Proceedings of the First Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas,5-8 October, Columbia, Maryland, USA. [Washington, DC: AMTA]; pp. 177-184 [PDF,161KB]

(1994) Gilles Sérasset: Interlingual lexical organization for multilingual lexical databases in NADIA. Coling 1994: the 15th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1994, Kyoto, Japan; pp. 278-282. [PDF, 436KB]

(1994) Frank Smadja & Kathleen McKeown: Translating collocations for use in bilingual lexicons. Human Language Technology: proceedings of a workshop held at Plainsboro, New Jersey, USA, March 8-11, 1994. (San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann, 1994); pp.152-156. [PDF, 915KB]

(1994) Koichi Takeda: Portable knowledge sources for machine translation. Coling 1994: the 15th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1994, Kyoto, Japan; pp. 85-89. [PDF, 405KB]

(1994) Kumiko Tanaka & Kyoji Umemura: Construction of a bilingual dictionary intermediated by a third language. Coling 1994: the 15th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1994, Kyoto, Japan; pp. 297-303. [PDF, 556KB]

(1994) Takehito Utsuro, Hiroshi Ikeda, Masaya Yamane, Yuji Matsumoto, & Makoto Nagao: Bilingual text matching using bilingual dictionary and statistics. Coling 1994: the 15th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1994, Kyoto, Japan; pp. 1076-1082. [PDF, 511KB]

(1994) Jonathan Yamron, James Cant, Anne Demedts, Taiko Dietzel, & Yoshiko Ito: The automatic component of the LINGSTAT machine-aided translation system. Human Language Technology: proceedings of a workshop held at Plainsboro, New Jersey, USA, March 8-11, 1994. (San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann, 1994); pp.163-168. [PDF, 921KB]

(1994) Winger: still hanging in there. Language Industry Monitor, issue no.19, January-February 1994; pp.5-6. [PDF, 88KB]

(1994) XLT: ready for liftoff. Language Industry Monitor, issue no.22, July-August 1994; pp.9-10. [PDF, 87KB]

(1993) Building lexicons for machine translation: papers from the 1993 AAAI Spring Symposium, March 23-25, Stanford, California. (Technical report SS-93-02; Menlo Park, California: AAAI Press, 1993)

(1993) Doug Arnold, Toni Badia, Josef van Genabith, Stella Markantonatou, Stefan Momma, Louisa Sadler, & Paul Schmidt: Experiments in reusability of grammatical resources. Sixth conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 21-23 April 1993, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; pp. 12-20. [PDF, 859KB]

(1993) Sue Atkins: Compiling a bilingual dictionary in the electronic age. British Computer Society Natural Language Translation Specialist Group, Newsletter no 21, April 1993; pp.17-19. [PDF, 101KB]

(1993) Peter F. Brown, Stephen A. Della Pietra, Vincent J. Della Pietra, Meredith J. Goldsmith, Jan Hajic, Robert L. Mercer, & Surya Mohanty: But dictionaries are data too. Human Language Technology: proceedings of a workshop held at Plainsboro, New Jersey, USA, March 21-24, 1993. (San Francisco, CA: Morgan Kaufmann, 1993); pp.202-205. [PDF, 247KB]

(1993) Folker Caroli: Types of lexical co-occurrences: descriptive parameters. In: Machine translation and the lexicon: Third international EAMT workshop, Heidelberg, Germany, April 26-28 1993, Proceedings (Berlin: Springer, 1995); pp.203-218. [abstract]

(1993) Seibi Chiba: The electronic dictionary project - current status and future plans MT Summit IV: International Cooperation for Global Communication. Proceedings, July 20-22, 1993, Kobe, Japan; pp.65-71 [PDF, 171KB]

(1993) Walter Daelemans: Memory-based lexical acquisition and processing. In: Machine translation and the lexicon: Third international EAMT workshop, Heidelberg, Germany, April 26-28 1993, Proceedings (Berlin: Springer, 1995); pp.85-98. [abstract]

 (1993) Ralph Dessau: Where jokers make the rules. Language International 5 (3), 1993; p.8-10. [PDF, 122KB]

(1993) Valerie Grundy & Marie-Hélčne Corréard: Corpus use in bilingual lexicography [abstract of paper] presented at Machine Translation Today: Translating and the Computer 15, 18 November 1993. 3pp. [PDF, 47KB]

(1993) Ulrich Heid: Relating parallel monolingual lexicon fragments for translation purposes. In: Machine translation and the lexicon: Third international EAMT workshop, Heidelberg, Germany, April 26-28 1993, Proceedings (Berlin: Springer, 1995); pp.231-251. [abstract]

(1993) Nancy Ide & Jean Véronis: Knowledge extraction from machine-readable dictionaries: an evaluation. In: Machine translation and the lexicon: Third international EAMT workshop, Heidelberg, Germany, April 26-28 1993, Proceedings (Berlin: Springer, 1995); pp.19-34. [abstract]

(1993) Katharina Koch: Machine translation and terminology database – uneasy bedfellows?  In: Machine translation and the lexicon: Third international EAMT workshop, Heidelberg, Germany, April 26-28 1993, Proceedings (Berlin: Springer, 1995); pp.131-158. [abstract]

(1993) Yuji Matsumoto, Hiroyuki Ishimoto, & Takehito Utsuro: Structural matching of parallel texts. 31st Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 22-26 June 1993, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; pp.23-30. [PDF, 601KB]

(1993) Paul Procter: The Cambridge language survey.  In: Machine translation and the lexicon: Third international EAMT workshop, Heidelberg, Germany, April 26-28 1993, Proceedings (Berlin: Springer, 1995); pp.77-84. [abstract]

(1993) Stephen D. Richardson, Lucy Vanderwende & William Dolan: Combining dictionary-based and example-based methods for natural language analysis. TMI-93: The Fifth International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, Kyoto, Japan, July 14-16, 1993: Proceedings; pp. 69-79. [PDF, 179KB]

(1993) Victor Sadler: [review of] Lexical acquisition: exploiting on-line resources to build a lexicon [ed. by] Uri Zernik (Lawrence Erlbaum, 1991). Computational Linguistics 19 (1), pp. 214-216 [PDF, 206KB]

 (1993) Petra Steffens & John Hutchins: Machine Translation and the Lexicon.  In: MT News International no.5, May 1993. [PDF]

(1993) Yoichi Takebayashi: EDR electronic dictionary MT Summit IV: International Cooperation for Global Communication. Proceedings, July 20-22, 1993, Kobe, Japan; pp. 117-126 [PDF, 212KB]

 (1993) Pim van der Eijk: Automating the acquisition of bilingual terminology. Sixth conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 21-23 April 1993, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; pp. 113-119. [PDF, 859KB]

 (1993) Clare R. Voss: Building Lexicons for Machine Translation.  In: MT News International no.5, May 1993. [PDF]

(1993) Y. Wilks: The consortium for lexical research.  Human Language Technology: proceedings of a workshop held at Plainsboro, New Jersey, USA, March 21-24, 1993. (San Francisco, CA: Morgan Kaufmann, 1993); p.404. [PDF, 94KB]

(1993) Toshio Yokoi: From electronic dictionaries to very large-scale knowledge bases MT Summit IV: International Cooperation for Global Communication. Proceedings, July 20-22, 1993, Kobe, Japan; pp.47-62 [PDF, 282KB]

(1992) Geert Adriaens & Gert de Braekeleer: Converting large on-line valency dictionaries for NLP applications: from PROTON descriptions to METAL frames. Coling-92: Proceedings of the Fifteenth [i.e. Fourteenth] International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Nantes, 23-28/8/1992; pp. 1182-1186. [PDF, 443KB]

(1992) Brigitte Bläser, Ulrike Schwall, & Angelika Storrer: A reusable lexical database tool for machine translation. Coling-92: Proceedings of the Fifteenth [i.e. Fourteenth] International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Nantes, 23-28/8/1992; pp. 510-516. [PDF, 496KB]

(1992) Jyun-Sheng Chang, Andrew Chang, Tsuey-Fen Lin & Sur-Jin Ker: A statistical approach to machine aided translation of terminology banks. Coling-92: Proceedings of the Fifteenth [i.e. Fourteenth] International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Nantes, 23-28/8/1992; pp. 921-925. [PDF, 277KB]

(1992) Ann Copestake: The ACQUILEX LKB: representation issues in semi-automatic acquisition of large lexicons.  Third conference on Applied Natural Language Processing [of] Association for Computational Linguistics. Proceedings of the conference, 31 March – 3 April 1992, Trento, Italy;  pp.88-95. [PDF, 905KB]

(1992) David Farwell, Louise Guthrie, & Yorick Wilks: The automatic creation of lexical entries for a multilingual MT system. Coling-92: Proceedings of the Fifteenth [i.e. Fourteenth] International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Nantes, 23-28/8/1992; pp. 532-538. [PDF, 431KB]

(1992) William A. Gale, Kenneth W. Church, & David Yarowsky: Using bilingual materials to develop word sense disambiguation methods Fourth International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation (TMI-92), Empiricist vs. rationalist methods in MT, June 25-27, 1992, Montreal, CCRIT-CWARC; pp.101-112. [PDF, 291KB]

(1992) Andrew Joscelyne: Systran revitalized? Language Industry Monitor, issue no.9, May-June 1992; pp.1-2. [PDF, 103KB]

(1992) Marjorie León, Doris Albisser, Gudrun Magnusdottir, Larry Childs, Margarita Baena: [contributions to panel] Assessing the labor-intensive elements of MT [with discussion]. In: MT evaluation: basis for future directions. Proceedings of a workshop..., 2-3 November 1992, San Diego, California; pp. 61-71 [PDF, 171KB]

(1992) Gudrun Magnusdottir: Evaluation of lexical coverage.  In: MT evaluation: basis for future directions. Proceedings of a workshop..., 2-3 November 1992, San Diego, California; p. 60 [PDF, 73KB]

(1992) Teruko Mitamura & Eric H. Nyberg III: Hierarchical lexical structure and interpretive mapping in machine translation. Coling-92: Proceedings of the Fifteenth [i.e. Fourteenth] International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Nantes, 23-28/8/1992; pp. 1254-1258. [PDF, 374KB]

(1992) Graham Russell, Afzal Ballim, John Carroll, & Susan Warwick-Armstrong: A practical approach to multiple default inheritance for unification-based lexicons. Computational Linguistics 18 (3), pp. 311-337 [PDF, 1820KB]

(1992) Antonio Sanfilippo & Victor Poznański: The acquisition of lexical knowledge from combined machine-readable dictionary sources.  Third conference on Applied Natural Language Processing [of] Association for Computational Linguistics. Proceedings of the conference, 31 March – 3 April 1992, Trento, Italy;  pp.80-87. [PDF, 797KB]

(1992) Antonio Sanfilippo, Ted Briscoe, Ann Copestake, Maria Antonia Martí, Mariona Taulé, & Antonietta Alonge: Translation equivalence and lexicalization in the ACQUILEX LKB Fourth International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation (TMI-92), Empiricist vs. rationalist methods in MT, June 25-27, 1992, Montreal, CCRIT-CWARC; pp.1-11. [PDF, 292KB]

(1992) Satoshi Sekine, Sofia Ananiadou, Jeremy J.Carroll, & Jun’ichi Tsujii: Linguistic knowledge generator. Coling-92: Proceedings of the Fifteenth [i.e. Fourteenth] International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Nantes, 23-28/8/1992; pp. 560-566. [PDF, 460KB]

(1992) Takehito Utsuro, Yuji Matsumoto, & Makoto Nagao: Lexical knowledge acquisition from bilingual corpora. Coling-92: Proceedings of the Fifteenth [i.e. Fourteenth] International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Nantes, 23-28/8/1992; pp. 581-587. [PDF, 481KB]

(1992) Y. Wilks: The consortium for lexical research. Speech and Natural Language: proceedings of a workshop held at Harriman, New York, USA, February 23-26, 1992. (San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann, 1992); p. 481. [PDF, 527KB]

(1992) Dictionaries for MultiTerm. Language Industry Monitor, issue no.11, Sept-Oct 1992; p.6. [PDF, 72KB]

(1991) Graham Russell, John Carroll, & Susan Warwick-Armstrong: Multiple default inheritance in a unification-based lexicon.  29th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 18-21 June 1991, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA; pp.215-221. [PDF, 564KB]

(1991) Susanne Schlenker: The role of lexicons.  Proceedings of the Evaluators’ Forum, April 21st – 24th, 1991,  Les Rasses, Vaud, Switzerland, ed. Kirsten Falkedal. (Geneva: ISSCO); pp. 29-36. [PDF, 143KB]

(1991) I. Arturo Trujillo & David A. Plowman: Automation of bilingual lexicon compilation.  MT Summit III.  Proceedings, July 1-4, 1991, Washington, DC, USA; pp. 51-54 [PDF, 157KB] [Revised reprint in: Sergei Nirenburg (ed.) Progress in machine translation (Amsterdam, Oxford, Washington, DC: IOS Press; Tokyo: Ohmsha, 1993), pp. 191-196]

(1990) Anne Abeillé, Yves Schabes, & Aravind K. Joshi: Using lexical tags for machine translation. Coling-90: Papers presented to the 13th Inter national Conference on Computational Linguistics, Helsinki, 20-25 August 1990; ed. Hans Karlgren; vol.3, pp. 1-6. [PDF, 560KB]

(1990) Geert Adriaens & Maarten Lemmens: The self-extending lexicon: off-line and on-line defaulting of lexical information in the METAL machine translation system. Coling-90: Papers presented to the 13th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Helsinki, 20-25 August 1990; ed. Hans Karlgren; vol.3, pp. 305-307. [PDF, 286KB]

(1990) Alla Bémová & Vladislav Kuboň: Czech-to-Russian transducing dictionary. Coling-90: Papers presented to the 13th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Helsinki, 20-25 August 1990; ed. Hans Karlgren; vol.3, pp. 314-316. [PDF, 261KB]

(1990) Jeremy Clear: The lexicon and MT: a position paper. Proceedings of a Workshop on Machine Translation, 2-3 July 1990, UMIST, Manchester, ed.J.McNaught; 5pp. [PDF, 88KB]

(1990) Pius ten Hacken: Reading distinction in MT. Coling-90: Papers presented to the 13th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Helsinki, 20-25 August 1990; ed. Hans Karlgren; vol.2, pp. 162-166. [PDF, 400KB]

(1990) R.Lee Humphreys: The lexicon in MT. Proceedings of a Workshop on Machine Translation, 2-3 July 1990, UMIST, Manchester, ed.J.McNaught; 6pp. [PDF, 39KB]

(1990) J.Jelinek, G.Wilcock, O.Nishida, T.Yoshimi, M.J.W.Bos, N.Tamura, & H.Murakami: Japanese-to-English project, PROTRAN & TWINTRAN. Coling-90: Papers presented to the 13th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Helsinki, 20-25 August 1990; ed. Hans Karlgren; vol.1, pp. 50-52. [PDF, 235KB]

(1990) Judith Klavans & Evelyne Tzoukermann: The BICORD system: combining lexical information from bilingual corpora and machine readable dictionaries. Coling-90: Papers presented to the 13th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Helsinki, 20-25 August 1990; ed. Hans Karlgren; vol.3, pp. 174-179. [PDF, 569KB]

(1990) Frank Knowles: Dictionaries for machine and machine-aided translation (MT & MAT). Proceedings of a Workshop on Machine Translation, 2-3 July 1990, UMIST, Manchester, ed.J.McNaught; 2pp. [PDF, 22KB]

(1990) Kerry Maxwell & Blaise Nkwenti-Azeh: The Eurotra (UK) monolingual disctionary. Proceedings of a Workshop on Machine Translation, 2-3 July 1990, UMIST, Manchester, ed.J.McNaught; 21pp. [PDF, 99KB]

(1990) Mary S.Neff & Michael McCord: Acquiring lexical data from machine-readable dictionary resources for machine translation. Third international conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural Language, 11-13 June 1990, Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas; pp.85-90. [PDF, 223KB]

(1990) Andy Way: Mel’čuk’s explanatory-combinatorial dictionary and its relevance for machine translation. Proceedings of a Workshop on Machine Translation, 2-3 July 1990, UMIST, Manchester, ed.J.McNaught; 25pp. [PDF, 105KB]

Monolingual corpora

(1999) Sergio Barrachina & Juan Miguel Vilar: Bilingual clustering using monolingual algorithms.  Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation (TMI 99), August 23-25, 1999, University College, Chester, England; pp. 77-87 [PDF, 189KB]

(1999) Hyun Ah Lee, Jong C. Park & Gil Chang Kim: Lexical selection with a target language monolingual corpus and an MRD.  Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation (TMI 99), August 23-25, 1999, University College, Chester, England; pp. 150-160 [PDF, 283KB]

(1999) Oliver Streiter, Leonid L. Iomdin, Munpyo Hong & Ute Hauck: Learning, forgetting and remembering: statistical support for rule-based MT.  Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation (TMI 99), August 23-25, 1999, University College, Chester, England; pp. 44-54 [PDF, 236KB]

(1998) Pascale Fung & Lo Yuen Yee: An IR approach for translating new words from nonparallel, comparable texts. Coling-ACL ’98: 36th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and 17th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, August 10-14, 1998, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; pp. 414-420. [PDF, 599KB]

(1998) Genichiro Kikui: Term-list translation using mono-lingual word co-occurrence vectors. Coling-ACL ’98: 36th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and 17th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, August 10-14, 1998, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; pp. 670-674. [PDF, 592KB]

(1997) Hitoshi Isahara: JEIDA’s bilingual corpus and other corpora for NLP research in Japan. MT Summit VI. Machine Translation: Past, Present, Future.  Proceedings, 29 October – 1 November 1997, San Diego, California, USA; pp. 142-147 [PDF, 188KB]

(1994) Ido Dagan & Alon Itai: Word sense disambiguation using a second language monolingual corpus. Computational Linguistics 20 (4), pp. 563-596 [PDF, 2511KB]

(1993) Satoshi Kinoshita, Miwako Shimazu, & Hideki Hirakawa: Better translation with knowledge extracted from source text. TMI-93: The Fifth International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, Kyoto, Japan, July 14-16, 1993: Proceedings; pp. 240-251. [PDF, 170KB]

(1993) Eiji Komatsu, Cui Jin & Hiroshi Yasuhara: A mono-lingual corpus-based machine translation of the interlingua method. TMI-93: The Fifth International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, Kyoto, Japan, July 14-16, 1993: Proceedings; pp. 24-47. [PDF, 404KB]

(1993) Hiroshi Maruyama, Shiho Ogino & Masaru Hidano: The mega-word tagged-corpus project. TMI-93: The Fifth International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, Kyoto, Japan, July 14-16, 1993: Proceedings; pp. 15-23. [PDF, 196KB]

Multilingual corpora

(1999) Nancy Ide: Parallel translations as sense discriminators. SIGLEX99: Standardizing Lexical Resources. Proceedings of a workshop sponsored by the [ACL] Special Interest Group on the Lexicon, June 21, 22, 1999, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA; pp.52-61. [PDF, 638KB]

(1999) Yevgeny Ludovik & Ron Zacharski: Multilingual document language recognition for creating corpora. Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp. 317-323. [PDF, 184KB]

(1999) Xiaoyi Ma & Mark Y.Liberman: BITS: a method for bilingual text search over the Web .  Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp. 538-542. [PDF, 138KB]

(1999) Michel Simard: Text-translation alignment: three languages are better than two. Joint SIGDAT conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing and Very Large Corpora. Proceedings ed. Pascale Fung and Joe Zhou, 21-22 June 1999, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA; pp.2-11. [PDF, 958KB]

(1998) Joseba Abaitua, Arantza Casillas, & Raquel Martínez: Value added tagging for multilingual resource management. First International Conference on Language Resources & Evaluation, Granada, Spain, 28-30 May 1998. Proceedings ed. Antonio Rubio, Natividad Gallardo, Rosa Castro and Antonio Tejada; pp.1003-1007. [PDF, 64KB]

(1998) Susan Armstrong, Masja Kempen, David McKelvie, Dominique Petitpierre, Reinhard Rapp, & Henry S.Thompson: Multilingual corpora for cooperation. First International Conference on Language Resources & Evaluation, Granada, Spain, 28-30 May 1998. Proceedings ed. Antonio Rubio, Natividad Gallardo, Rosa Castro and Antonio Tejada; pp.975-980. [PDF, 70KB]

(1998) Ingeborg Blank: Computer-aided analysis of multilingual patent documentation. First International Conference on Language Resources & Evaluation, Granada, Spain, 28-30 May 1998. Proceedings ed. Antonio Rubio, Natividad Gallardo, Rosa Castro and Antonio Tejada; pp.765-773. [PDF, 79KB]

(1998) Ludmila Dimitrova, Tomaz Erjavec, Nancy Ide, Heiki Jaan Kaalep, Vladimir Petkevic & Dan Tufis: Multext-East: parallel and comparable corpora and lexicons for six central and eastern European languages. Coling-ACL ’98: 36th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and 17th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, August 10-14, 1998, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; pp. 315-319. [PDF, 414KB]

(1998) Tomaž Erjavec, Ann Lawson, & Laurent Romary: East meets West: producing multilingual resources in a European context. First International Conference on Language Resources & Evaluation, Granada, Spain, 28-30 May 1998. Proceedings ed. Antonio Rubio, Natividad Gallardo, Rosa Castro and Antonio Tejada; pp.981-985. [PDF, 104KB]

(1998) Tomaž Erjavec & Nancy Ide: The MULTEXT-East corpus. First International Conference on Language Resources & Evaluation, Granada, Spain, 28-30 May 1998. Proceedings ed. Antonio Rubio, Natividad Gallardo, Rosa Castro and Antonio Tejada; pp.971-974. [PDF, 108KB]

(1998) L.F.Lamel, G.Adda, M.Adda-Decker, C.Corredor-Ardoy, J.J.Gangolf, & J.L.Gauvain: A multilingual corpus for language identification. First International Conference on Language Resources & Evaluation, Granada, Spain, 28-30 May 1998. Proceedings ed. Antonio Rubio, Natividad Gallardo, Rosa Castro and Antonio Tejada; pp.1115-1122. [PDF, 76KB]

(1998) Svetlana Sheremetyeva, Jim Cowie, Sergei Nirenburg, & Rémi Zajac: A multilingual onomasticon as a multipurpose NLP resource. First International Conference on Language Resources & Evaluation, Granada, Spain, 28-30 May 1998. Proceedings ed. Antonio Rubio, Natividad Gallardo, Rosa Castro and Antonio Tejada; pp.255-261. [PDF, 67KB]

(1998) Dan Tufis, Nancy Ide, & Tomaž Erjavec: Standardized specifications, development and assessment of large morpho-lexical resources for six central and eastern European languages. First International Conference on Language Resources & Evaluation, Granada, Spain, 28-30 May 1998. Proceedings ed. Antonio Rubio, Natividad Gallardo, Rosa Castro and Antonio Tejada; pp.233-239. [PDF, 104KB]

(1997) Scott W. Bennett, Chinatsu Aone, & Craig Lovell: Learning to tag multilingual texts through observation. Second conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing. Proceedings ed. Claire Cardie and Ralph Weischedel, August 1-2, 1997, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA; pp.109-116. [PDF, 827KB]

(1997) Tony McEnery: Multilingual corpora – current practice and future trends. Translating and the Computer 19. Papers from the Aslib conference held on 13 & 14 November 1997 (London: Aslib, 1997); 12pp. [PDF, 132KB]

(1994) Susan Armstrong-Warwick: Acquisition and exploitation of textual resources for NLP. In: Current issues in computational linguistics: in honour of Don Walker, ed. Antonio Zampolli, Nicoletta Calzolari, Martha Palmer (Linguistica Computazionale, vol. 9-10); Pisa: Giradini Editori; Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Press, [1994]; pp.451-465. [PDF, 133KB]

(1994) Nancy Ide & Jean Véronis: MULTEXT: multilingual text tools and corpora. Coling 1994: the 15th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1994, Kyoto, Japan; pp. 588-592. [PDF, 428KB]

(1994) Paul S. Jacobs: Word sense acquisition for multilingual text interpretation. Coling 1994: the 15th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1994, Kyoto, Japan; pp. 665-671. [PDF, 596KB]

(1994) Harris Papageorgiou, Lambros Cranias, & Stelios Piperidis: Automatic alignment in parallel corpora. 32nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 27-30 June 1994, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico, USA; pp.334-336. [PDF, 277KB]

(1994) Stelios Piperidis: Interactive corpus-based translation drafting tool (Translearn).  Translating and the Computer 16. Papers presented at a conference… 10-11 November 1994, Institution of Civil Engineers, London SW1 (London: Aslib, 1994); pp.37-50. [PDF, 148KB]

(1994) Gilles Sérasset: Interlingual lexical organization for multilingual lexical databases in NADIA. Coling 1994: the 15th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1994, Kyoto, Japan; pp. 278-282. [PDF, 436KB]

(1993) Chinatsu Aone & Douglas McKee: Acquiring predicate-argument mapping information from multilingual texts. [ACL 1993] Acquisition of Lexical Knowledge from Text: proceedings of a workshop, ed. Branimir Boguraev and James Pustejovsky, 21 June 1993, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; pp.107-117. [PDF, 532KB]

(1993) Chinatsu Aone & Doug McKee: Three-level knowledge representation of predicate-argument mapping for multilingual lexicons. In: Building lexicons for machine translation: papers from the 1993 AAAI Spring Symposium, March 23-25, Stanford, California. (Technical report SS-93-02; Menlo Park, California: AAAI Press, 1993); pp.1-9.

(1993) Multext: multilingual corpora and more. Language Industry Monitor, issue no.18, November-December 1993; p.5. [PDF, 82KB]

Ontologies

(1999) Barbara Gawronska, Jaana Anttila & Dan-Ivar Jacobsson: Mental spaces, space builders and bilingual summarization of news reports. Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation (TMI 99), August 23-25, 1999, University College, Chester, England; pp. 1-10 [PDF, 210KB]

(1999) Hitoshi Isahara & Kyoko Kanzaki: Lexical semantics to disambiguate polysemous phenomena of Japanese adnominal constituents. ACL-1999: 37th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 20-26 June 1999, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA; pp.489-496. [PDF, 666KB]

(1999) Teruko Mitamura, Eric Nyberg, Enrique Torrejon & Robert Igo: Multiple strategies for automatic disambiguation in technical translation.  Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation (TMI 99), August 23-25, 1999, University College, Chester, England; pp. 218-227 [PDF, 222KB]

(1999) Satoshi Sekine, Kiyoshi Sudo, & Takano Ogino: Statistical matching of two ontologies. SIGLEX99: Standardizing Lexical Resources. Proceedings of a workshop sponsored by the [ACL] Special Interest Group on the Lexicon, June 21, 22, 1999, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA; pp.69-73. [PDF, 453KB]

(1999) Evelyne Viegas: Developing knowledge bases for MT with linguistically motivated quality-based learning.  Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp. 366-374. [PDF, 220KB]

(1998) Stephen Beale, Sergei Nirenburg, Evelyne Viegas, & Leo Wanner: De-constraining text generation. Ninth International workshop on Natural Language Generation,  Proceedings, 5-7 August 1998, Niagra-on-the-Lake, Ontario, Canada; pp. 48-57. [PDF, 788KB]

(1998) Eduard Hovy: Combining and standardizing large-scale, practical ontologies for machine translation and other uses. First International Conference on Language Resources & Evaluation, Granada, Spain, 28-30 May 1998. Proceedings ed. Antonio Rubio, Natividad Gallardo, Rosa Castro and Antonio Tejada; pp.535-542. [PDF, 83KB]

(1998) Irene Langkilde & Kevin Knight: The practical value of n-grams in generation. Ninth International workshop on Natural Language Generation,  Proceedings, 5-7 August 1998, Niagra-on-the-Lake, Ontario, Canada; pp. 248-255. [PDF, 492KB]

 (1998) Aarno Lehtola, Jarno Tenni, & Catherine Bounsaythip: Definition of a controlled language based on augmented lexical entries. In: CLAW 98: proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Controlled Language Applications, 21-22 May 1998, Language Technologies Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; pp.16-29. [PDF, 493KB]

(1998) Sergei Nirenburg: Project Boas: “a linguist in the box” as a multi-purpose language resource. First International Conference on Language Resources & Evaluation, Granada, Spain, 28-30 May 1998. Proceedings ed. Antonio Rubio, Natividad Gallardo, Rosa Castro and Antonio Tejada; pp.739-746. [PDF, 141KB]

(1998) Sergei Nirenburg & Victor Raskin: Universal grammar and lexis for quick ramp-up of MT systems. Coling-ACL ’98: 36th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and 17th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, August 10-14, 1998, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; pp. 975-979. [PDF, 459KB]

(1998) Svetlana Sheremetyeva, Jim Cowie, Sergei Nirenburg, & Rémi Zajac: A multilingual onomasticon as a multipurpose NLP resource. First International Conference on Language Resources & Evaluation, Granada, Spain, 28-30 May 1998. Proceedings ed. Antonio Rubio, Natividad Gallardo, Rosa Castro and Antonio Tejada; pp.255-261. [PDF, 67KB]

(1998) Murat Temizsoy & Ilyas Cicekli: A language-independent system for generating feature structures from interlingua representations. Ninth International workshop on Natural Language Generation,  Proceedings, 5-7 August 1998, Niagra-on-the-Lake, Ontario, Canada; pp. 188-197. [PDF, 690KB]

(1998) Evelyne Viegas, Stephen Beale, & Sergei Nirenburg: The computational lexical semantics of syntagmatic relations. Coling-ACL ’98: 36th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and 17th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, August 10-14, 1998, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; pp. 1328-1332. [PDF, 500KB]

(1998) Rémi Zajac: The Habanera lexical knowledge base management system. First International Conference on Language Resources & Evaluation, Granada, Spain, 28-30 May 1998. Proceedings ed. Antonio Rubio, Natividad Gallardo, Rosa Castro and Antonio Tejada; pp.263-268. [PDF, 63KB]

(1997) David Farwell: On representing language-specific information in interlingua.  Proceedings of the AMTA/SIG-IL First Workshop on Interlinguas, October 28, 1997, San Diego, CA, USA; pp. 45-50. [PDF, 113KB]

(1997) David Farwell & Stephen Helmreich: User-friendly machine translation: alternate translations based on difference beliefs. MT Summit VI. Machine Translation: Past, Present, Future.  Proceedings, 29 October – 1 November 1997, San Diego, California, USA; pp. 125-131 [PDF, 156KB]

(1997) Walther von Hahn: Providing multilingual term explanations in machine aided translation EAMT Workshop "Language technology in your organization?", May 21 - 22, 1997, Center for Sprogteknologi, Copenhagen, Denmark; pp.79-90. [PDF, 277KB]

(1997) Stephen Helmreich: Time to eat peaches: language-specific information in interlingua. Proceedings of the AMTA/SIG-IL First Workshop on Interlinguas, October 28, 1997, San Diego, CA, USA; pp. 51-52. [PDF, 84KB]

(1997) Latifur R. Khan & Eduard H. Hovy: Improving the precision of lexicon-to-ontology alignment algorithms.  Proceedings of the AMTA/SIG-IL First Workshop on Interlinguas, October 28, 1997, San Diego, CA, USA; pp. 53-58. [PDF, 147KB]

(1997) Kevin Knight, Bonnie Glover-Stalls, Uli Germann, Ulf Hermjakob, Yaser Al-Onaizan, Philipp Koehn, Irene Langkilde, & Kenji Yamada: GAZELLE: using statistics to fill knowledge gaps in MT.  Exhibit at MT Summit VI. Machine Translation: Past, Present, Future, 29 October – 1 November 1997, San Diego, California, USA; p. 285 [PDF, 73KB]

(1997) Kavi Mahesh, Sergei Nirenburg, & Stephen Beale: If you have it, flaunt it: using full ontological knowledge for word sense disambiguation. TMI-97: proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, July 23-25, 1997, St.John’s College, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA; pp.1-9. [PDF, 167KB]

(1996) Galia Angelova & Kalina Bontcheva: NL domain explanations in knowledge based MAT. Coling 1996: the 16th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1996, Center for Sprogteknologi, Copenhagen; pp. 1016-1019. [PDF, 456KB]

(1996) Stephen Beale & Sergei Nirenburg: PICARD: the next generator. Eighth International Natural Language Generation workshop (INLG’96), Proceedings, 12-15 June 1996, Herstmonceux Castle, Sussex, UK; pp. 21-24. [PDF, 363KB]

(1996) Isahara Hitoshi, Inui Hiroko, & Uchida Yuriko: Lexical knowledge from large corpora and its application to text generation. Expanding MT horizons: Proceedings of the Second Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, 2-5 October 1996, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (Washington, DC: AMTA); pp.66-75 [PDF, 362KB]

(1996) Kevin Knight, Yaser Al-Onaizan, Ishwar Chander, Eduard Hovy, Irene Langkilde, Richard Whitney, & Kenji Yamada: System demonstration: JAPANGLOSS: using statistics to fill knowledge gaps. Expanding MT horizons: Proceedings of the Second Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, 2-5 October 1996, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (Washington, DC: AMTA); p.256 [PDF, 81KB]

 (1996) Kavi Mahesh: Developing ontological foundations for interlingua. In: David Farwell (ed.) PREceedings of the Pre-Workshop on interlinguas and interlingual approaches to machine translation, 1 October 1996, Montreal, [AMTA]; pp.45-47 [PDF, 16KB]

(1996) Kavi Mahesh: Ontology development for machine translation: ideology and methodology (MCCS-96-292). Las Cruces: New Mexico State University, Computing Research Laboratory, [1996]; viii, 79pp. [PDF, 549KB]

(1996) Sergei Nirenburg, Kavi Mahesh,  & Stephen Beale: Measuring semantic coverage. Coling 1996: the 16th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1996, Center for Sprogteknologi, Copenhagen; pp. 83-88. [PDF, 615KB]

(1996) Richard Power & Nico Cavallotto: Multilingual generation of administrative forms.  Eighth International Natural Language Generation workshop (INLG’96), Proceedings, 12-15 June 1996, Herstmonceux Castle, Sussex, UK; pp. 21-24. [PDF, 233KB]

 (1996) Jörg Schütz: Translation as communication: ontologies for supporting the process of translation [abstract]. In: Unity in diversity? International translation studies conference, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland, 9-11 May 1996; p.12. [PDF, 16KB]

 (1995) Stephen Beale, Sergei Nirenburg, & Kavi Mahesh: Semantic analysis in the Mikrokosmos machine translation project. Proceedings of the Second Symposium on Natural Language Processing, Kaset Sart University, Bangkok, Thailand, 1995; pp. 297-307. [PDF, 89KB]

(1995) Sergei Nirenburg, Victor Raskin, & Boyan Onyshkevych: Apologiae ontologiae. TMI-95: proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, July 5-7, 1995, Katholieke Universiteit, Leuven, Belgium; pp.106-114. [PDF, 166KB]

(1995) Naohiko Uramoto: Automatic learning of knowledge for example-based disambiguation of attachment. TMI-95: proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, July 5-7, 1995, Katholieke Universiteit, Leuven, Belgium; pp.295-302. [PDF, 198KB]

(1994) Mohammed Y. Al-Hafez, Alfred D. Vella & Douglas Clarke: A semantic knowledge-based computational dictionary. International conference “Machine translation: ten years on” Proceedings ... held at Cranfield University, England, 12-14 November 1994 (Cranfield University Press, 1998) [PDF, 200KB]

(1994) Eduard Hovy: Machine translation. [Introduction to] Session 4 [of] Human Language Technology: proceedings of a workshop held at Plainsboro, New Jersey, USA, March 8-11, 1994. (San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann, 1994); pp. 133-134. [PDF, 1057KB]

(1994) Akitoshi Okumura & Eduard Hovy: Building Japanese-English dictionary based on ontology for machine translation. Human Language Technology: proceedings of a workshop held at Plainsboro, New Jersey, USA, March 8-11, 1994. (San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann, 1994); pp. 141-146. [PDF, 953KB]

(1994) Dietmar Rösner & Manfred Stede: TECHDOC: multilingual generation of online and offline instructional text.  Fourth conference on Applied Natural Language Processing [of] Association for Computational Linguistics. Proceedings of the conference, 13-15 October 1994, Stuttgart, Germany;  pp.209-210. [PDF, 207KB]

(1994) Koichi Takeda: Portable knowledge sources for machine translation. Coling 1994: the 15th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1994, Kyoto, Japan; pp. 85-89. [PDF, 405KB]

(1994)  Walther v.Hahn & Galja Angelova: Providing factual information in MAT. International conference “Machine translation: ten years on” Proceedings ... held at Cranfield University, England, 12-14 November 1994 (Cranfield University Press, 1998) [PDF, 223KB]

(1993) Chinatsu Aone & Douglas McKee: A language-independent anaphora resolution system for understanding multilingual texts. 31st Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 22-26 June 1993, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; pp.156-163. [PDF, 624KB]

(1993) Chinatsu Aone & Doug McKee: Three-level knowledge representation of predicate-argument mapping for multilingual lexicons. In: Building lexicons for machine translation: papers from the 1993 AAAI Spring Symposium, March 23-25, Stanford, California. (Technical report SS-93-02; Menlo Park, California: AAAI Press, 1993); pp.1-9.

(1993) Chinatsu Aone, Hatte Blejer, Sharon Flank, Douglas McKee, & Sandy Shinn: The Murasaki project: multilingual natural language understanding. Human Language Technology: proceedings of a workshop held at Plainsboro, New Jersey, USA, March 21-24, 1993. (San Francisco, CA: Morgan Kaufmann, 1993); pp. 144-149. [PDF, 487KB]

(1993) Stephen Helmreich, Louise Guthrie, & Yorick Wilks: The use of machine readable dictionaries in the Pangloss project. In: Building lexicons for machine translation: papers from the 1993 AAAI Spring Symposium, March 23-25, Stanford, California. (Technical report SS-93-02; Menlo Park, California: AAAI Press, 1993); pp.69-74.

(1993) Kevin Knight: Building a large ontology for machine translation.  Human Language Technology: proceedings of a workshop held at Plainsboro, New Jersey, USA, March 21-24, 1993. (San Francisco, CA: Morgan Kaufmann, 1993); pp.185-190. [PDF, 495KB]

(1993) Nili Mandelblit: Machine translation: a cognitive linguistics approach. TMI-93: The Fifth International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, Kyoto, Japan, July 14-16, 1993: Proceedings; pp. 117-130. [PDF, 184KB]

(1993) Donia R.Scott: Multilingual drafting of instructional texts.  Machine Translation Today: Translating and the Computer 15. Papers presented at a conference… 18-19 November 1993, CBI Conference Centre, London (London: Aslib, 1993); pp.193-196. [PDF, 117KB]

(1992) Lynn Carlson & Sergei Nirenburg: Practical world modeling for NLP applications.  Third conference on Applied Natural Language Processing [of] Association for Computational Linguistics. Proceedings of the conference, 31 March – 3 April 1992, Trento, Italy;  pp.235-236. [PDF, 206KB]

(1992) Bonnie J. Dorr: A parameterized approach to integrating aspect with lexical-semantics for machine translation. 30th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 28 June – 2 July 1992, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA; pp.257-264. [PDF, 916KB]

(1992) Eduard Hovy & Sergei Nirenburg: Approximating an interlingua in a principled way.  Speech and Natural Language: proceedings of a workshop held at Harriman, New York, USA, February 23-26, 1992. (San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann, 1992); pp. 261-266. [PDF, 1058KB]

(1992) L.Iordanskaja, M.Kim, R.Kittredge, B.Lavoie, & A.Polgučre: Generation of extended bilingual statistical reports. Coling-92: Proceedings of the Fifteenth [i.e. Fourteenth] International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Nantes, 23-28/8/1992; pp. 1019-1023. [PDF, 315KB]

(1992) Hiroaki Kitano: Utility of massively parallel computing platform in natural language processing . International Workshop on Fundamental Research for the Future Generation of Natural Language Processing (FGNLP): Proceedings, 30-31 July 1992, Hotel Dominion, Manchester; Sofia Ananiadou, editor (Centre for Computational Linguistics, UMIST); pp.22-36. [PDF, 161KB]

(1992) Teruko Mitamura & Eric H. Nyberg III: Hierarchical lexical structure and interpretive mapping in machine translation. Coling-92: Proceedings of the Fifteenth [i.e. Fourteenth] International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Nantes, 23-28/8/1992; pp. 1254-1258. [PDF, 374KB]

(1992) Jun-ichi Tsujii, Sofia Ananiadou, Iris Arad, & Satoshi Sekine: Linguistic knowledge acquisition from corpora. International Workshop on Fundamental Research for the Future Generation of Natural Language Processing (FGNLP): Proceedings, 30-31 July 1992, Hotel Dominion, Manchester; Sofia Ananiadou, editor (Centre for Computational Linguistics, UMIST); pp.61-81. [PDF, 121KB]

(1991) James Barnett, Inderjeet Mani, Elaine Rich, Chinatsu Aone, Kevin Knight, & Juan Carlos Martinez: Capturing language-specific semantic distinctions in interlingua-based MT.  MT Summit III.  Proceedings, July 1-4, 1991, Washington, DC, USA; pp. 25-32 [PDF, 233KB] [Revised reprint in: Sergei Nirenburg (ed.) Progress in machine translation (Amsterdam, Oxford, Washington, DC: IOS Press; Tokyo: Ohmsha, 1993), pp. 67-77]

(1991) James Barnett, Inderjeet Mani, Paul Martin, & Elaine Rich: Reversible machine translation: what to do when the languages don’t line up. [ACL 1991] Reversible Grammar in Natural Language Processing: proceedings of a workshop, ed. Tomek Strzalkowski, 17 June 1991, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA; pp.61-70. [PDF, 859KB]

(1991) Bonnie J.Dorr: A two-level knowledge representation for machine translation: lexical semantics and tense/aspect. [ACL 1991] Lexical Semantics and Knowledge Representation: proceedings of a workshop, ed. James Pustejovsky and Sabine Bergler, 17 June 1991, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA; pp.250-263. [PDF, 912KB]

(1991) Nathalie Japkowicz & Janyce M. Wiebe: A system for translating locative prepositions from English to French.  29th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 18-21 June 1991, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA; pp.153-160. [PDF, 648KB]

(1991) Megumi Kameyama, Ryo Ochitani, & Stanley Peters: Resolving translation mismatches with information flow.  29th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 18-21 June 1991, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA; pp.193-200. [PDF, 800KB]

(1991) Jun-chi Tsujii & Kimikazu Fujita: Lexical transfer based on bilingual signs: towards interaction during transfer. Fifth conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 9-11 April 1991, Congress Hall, Alexanderplatz, Berlin, Germany; pp. 275-280. [PDF, 586KB]

(1990) Hiyan Alshawi & David Carter: Interactive translation using quasi logical forms. Proceedings of a Workshop on Machine Translation, 2-3 July 1990, UMIST, Manchester, ed.J.McNaught; 15pp. [PDF, 118KB]

(1990) William J.Black: Running a robust dialogue system. Proceedings of a Workshop on Machine Translation, 2-3 July 1990, UMIST, Manchester, ed.J.McNaught; 9pp. [PDF, 52KB]; [abstract in Rapportage]

(1990) Christine Defrise & Sergei Nirenburg: Meaning representation and text planning. Coling-90: Papers presented to the 13th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Helsinki, 20-25 August 1990; ed. Hans Karlgren; vol.3, pp. 219-224. [PDF, 725KB]

(1990) Christine Defrise & Sergei Nirenburg: Speaker attitudes in text planning. Fifth international workshop on Natural Language Generation, Proceedings, 3-6 June 1990, Linden Hall Conference Center, Dawson, Pennsylvania; pp. 150-155. [PDF, 529KB]

(1990) Jerry R.Hobbs & Megumi Kameyama: Translation by abduction. Coling-90: Papers presented to the 13th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Helsinki, 20-25 August 1990; ed. Hans Karlgren; vol.3, pp. 155-161. [PDF, 572KB]

(1990) Robert T. Kasper & Eduard H. Hovy: Performing integrated syntactic and semantic parsing using classification.  Speech and Natural Language: proceedings of a workshop held at Hidden Valley, Pennsylvania, USA, June 24-27, 1990. (San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann, 1990); pp. 54-59. [PDF, 1085KB]

(1990) Victor Sadler: The bilingual knowledge bank (BKB): a new foundation for machine translation. [Utrecht: private publication, June 1990].46pp. [PDF, 4579KB]

Scarce resources

(1998) Sergei Nirenburg: Project Boas: “a linguist in the box” as a multi-purpose language resource. First International Conference on Language Resources & Evaluation, Granada, Spain, 28-30 May 1998. Proceedings ed. Antonio Rubio, Natividad Gallardo, Rosa Castro and Antonio Tejada; pp.739-746. [PDF, 141KB]

Software resources

(1997) Microsoft’s lengthening shadow. Language International 9 (5), 1997; pp.10-11. [PDF, 74KB]

(1994) Peter Ball: Practical choices for hardware and software. Translating and the Computer 16. Paper presented … 10-11 November 1994, Institution of Civil Engineers, London SW1 (London: Aslib, 1994); 8pp. [PDF, 37KB]

(1993) Jörg M.Haake & Christine M.Neuwirth: Collaborative authoring of hypermedia documents.  Machine Translation Today: Translating and the Computer 15. Papers presented at a conference… 18-19 November 1993, CBI Conference Centre, London (London: Aslib, 1993); pp.41-58. [PDF, 127KB]

(1992) Bob Clark: Stop reinventing the wheel. Translating and the Computer 14: Quality Standards and the Implementation of Technology in Translation. Papers presented at a conference… 10-11 November 1992, CBI Conference Centre, London (London: Aslib, 1992); pp.181-186. [PDF, 29KB]

(1992) J.E.Rowley: Evaluation of software.  Translating and the Computer 14: Quality Standards and the Implementation of Technology in Translation. Papers presented at a conference… 10-11 November 1992, CBI Conference Centre, London (London: Aslib, 1992); pp.117-126. [PDF, 36KB]

Termbanks

(1993) E.A.Karkaletsis, C.D.Spyropoulos, & G.Vouros: The use of terminological knowledge bases in software localisation. In: Machine translation and the lexicon: Third international EAMT workshop, Heidelberg, Germany, April 26-28 1993, Proceedings (Berlin: Springer, 1995); pp.174-188. [abstract]

(1993) Renate Mayer: Navigation through terminological databases. In: Machine translation and the lexicon: Third international EAMT workshop, Heidelberg, Germany, April 26-28 1993, Proceedings (Berlin: Springer, 1995); pp.189-199. [abstract]

(1993) Blaise Nkwenti-Azeh: New trends in terminology processing and implications for practical translation.  Machine Translation Today: Translating and the Computer 15. Papers presented at a conference… 18-19 November 1993, CBI Conference Centre, London (London: Aslib, 1993); pp.83-98. [PDF, 76KB]

(1992) Jyun-Sheng Chang, Andrew Chang, Tsuey-Fen Lin & Sur-Jin Ker: A statistical approach to machine aided translation of terminology banks. Coling-92: Proceedings of the Fifteenth [i.e. Fourteenth] International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Nantes, 23-28/8/1992; pp. 921-925. [PDF, 277KB]

(1992) Patricia Thomas: Computerized termbanks and translation.  In: John Newton (ed.) Computers in translation: a practical appraisal (London: Routledge, 1992),; pp.131-146.

(1991) Paul Nekeman: The Eurotermbank. Translating and the Computer 13: The Theory and Practice of Machine Translation – A Marriage of Convenience? Papers presented at a conference… 28-29 November 1991, CBI Conference Centre, London (London: Aslib, 1992); pp.39-44. [PDF, 38KB]

Treebanks (see also Semantic analysis and representation, Thesaurus method)

(1994) Jong-Nae Wang, Jing-Shin Chang & Keh-Yih Su: An automatic treebank conversion algorithm for corpus sharing. 32nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 27-30 June 1994, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico, USA; pp.248-254. [PDF, 616KB]

Wordnets

(1999) Piek Vossen, Wim Peters, & Julio Gonzalo: Towards a universal index of meaning.  SIGLEX99: Standardizing Lexical Resources. Proceedings of a workshop sponsored by the [ACL] Special Interest Group on the Lexicon, June 21, 22, 1999, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA; pp.81-90. [PDF, 896KB]

(1998) Wim Peters, Ivonne Peters, & Piek Vossen: Automatic sense clustering in EuroWordNet. First International Conference on Language Resources & Evaluation, Granada, Spain, 28-30 May 1998. Proceedings ed. Antonio Rubio, Natividad Gallardo, Rosa Castro and Antonio Tejada; pp.409-416. [PDF, 90KB]

(1998) Piek Vossen & Laura Bloksma: Categories and classifications in EuroWordNet. First International Conference on Language Resources & Evaluation, Granada, Spain, 28-30 May 1998. Proceedings ed. Antonio Rubio, Natividad Gallardo, Rosa Castro and Antonio Tejada; pp.399-407. [PDF, 123KB]

(1997) Hoa Trang Dang, Joseph Rosenzweig, & Martha Palmer: Associating semantic components with intersective Levin classes. Proceedings of the AMTA/SIG-IL First Workshop on Interlinguas, October 28, 1997, San Diego, CA, USA; pp. 11-18. [PDF, 182KB]

(1997) Bonnie J. Dorr, M. Antonia Martí, & Irene Castellón: Spanish EuroWordNet and LCS-based interlingual MT.  Proceedings of the AMTA/SIG-IL First Workshop on Interlinguas, October 28, 1997, San Diego, CA, USA; pp. 19-31. [PDF, 237KB]

(1997) Piek Vossen, Pedro Díez-Orzas, & Wim Peters: Multilingual design of EuroWordNet. Automatic information extraction and building of lexical semantic resources for NLP applications. ACL/EACL-97 workshop proceedings, July 12th 1997 [at ACL-EACL-1997] ed. Piek Vossen, Geert Adriaens, Nicoletta Calzolari, Antonio Sanfilippo, Yorick Wilks, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain; pp.1-8. [PDF, 563KB]

World Wide Web [see also Internet]

(1999) Sung-Kwon Choi, Taewan Kim, Sang-Hwa Yuh, Han-Min Jung, Chul-Min Sim, & Sang-Kyu Park: English-to-Korean web translator: “FromTo/Web-EK”. Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp. 432-437. [PDF, 201KB]

(1999) Krzysztof Czuba & Xin Liu: Experiments in translingual information retrieval using web-based MT and WordNet.  Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation (TMI 99), August 23-25, 1999, University College, Chester, England; pp. 174-184 [PDF, 637KB]

(1999) Robert Frederking, Christopher Hogan, & Alexander Rudnicky: A new approach to the translating telephone.  Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp. 556-563. [PDF, 175KB]

(1999) Gregory Grefenstette: The World Wide Web as a resource for example-based machine translation tasks. Translating and the Computer 21. Proceedings of the Twenty-first International Conference…10-11 November 1999 (London: Aslib, 1999); 12pp. [PDF, 157KB]

(1999) Yoshihiko Hayashi, Genichiro Kikui, & Toshiaki Iwadera: A scalable cross-language metasearch architecture for multilingual information access on the web.  Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp.157-164. [PDF, 221KB]

(1999) Aarno Lehtola, Jarno Tenni, Catherine Bounsaythip, & Kristiina Jaaranen: WEBTRAN: a controlled language machine translation system for building multilingual services on Internet. Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp. 487-495. [PDF, 361KB]

(1999) Chin-Yew Lin: Machine translation for information access across the language barrier: the MuST system. Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp. 308-316. [PDF, 276KB]

(1999) Xiaoyi Ma & Mark Y.Liberman: BITS: a method for bilingual text search over the Web .  Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp. 538-542. [PDF, 138KB]

(1999) Shinichiro Miyazawa, Shoichi Yokoyama, Masaki Matsudaira, Akira Kumano, Shuji Kodama, Hideki Kashioka, Yoshiko Shirokizawa, & Yasuo Nakajima: Study on evaluation of WWW MT systems. Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp. 290-298. [PDF, 573KB]

(1999) Philip Resnik: Mining the web for bilingual text. ACL-1999: 37th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 20-26 June 1999, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA; pp.527-534. [PDF, 737KB]

(1999) Jörg Schütz: One Web, one language: UNL. In: MT News International no.22, July 1999. [PDF]

(1999) Stuart Sklair: Multilingual component management: trends and implications for translation.  Translating and the Computer 21. Proceedings of the Twenty-first International Conference…10-11 November 1999 (London: Aslib, 1999); 10pp. [PDF, 111KB]

(1998) Sung-Kwon Choi, Han-Min Jung, Chul-Min Sim, Taewan Kim, Dong-In Park, Jun-Sik Park, & Key-Sun Choi: Hybrid approaches to improvement of translation quality in web-based English-Korean machine translation. Coling-ACL ’98: 36th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and 17th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, August 10-14, 1998, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; pp. 251-255. [PDF, 358KB]

(1998) Pascale Fung & Lo Yuen Yee: An IR approach for translating new words from nonparallel, comparable texts. Coling-ACL ’98: 36th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and 17th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, August 10-14, 1998, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; pp. 414-420. [PDF, 599KB]

 (1998) Aarno Lehtola, Jarno Tenni, & Catherine Bounsaythip: Definition of a controlled language based on augmented lexical entries. In: CLAW 98: proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Controlled Language Applications, 21-22 May 1998, Language Technologies Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; pp.16-29. [PDF, 493KB]

(1998) Tim Read & Elena Barcena: JaBot: a multilingual Java-based intelligent agent for Web sites. Coling-ACL ’98: 36th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and 17th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, August 10-14, 1998, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; pp. 1086-1090. [PDF, 455KB]

(1998) Philip Resnik: Parallel strands: a preliminary investigation into mining the Web for bilingual text. Machine translation and the information soup: third conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, AMTA '98, Langhorne, PA,USA, October 1998; ed. David Farwell, Laurie Gerber, Eduard Hovy (Berlin: Springer Verlag, 1998); pp.72-82. [go to publisher details]

(1998) Hideo Watanabe & Koichi Takeda: A pattern-based machine translation system extended by example-based processing. Coling-ACL ’98: 36th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and 17th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, August 10-14, 1998, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; pp. 1369-1373. [PDF, 379KB]

(1997) Tim Read, Elena Bárcena, & Pamela Faber: Java and its role in natural language processing and machine translation.  MT Summit VI. Machine Translation: Past, Present, Future.  Proceedings, 29 October – 1 November 1997, San Diego, California, USA; pp. 224-231 [PDF, 143KB]

(1997) James J.Romeo: Wordbot works wonders. Language International 9 (2), 1997; p.10. [PDF, 52KB]

(1997) Yumiko Yoshimura, Satoshi Kinoshita, & Miwako Shimazu: Processing of proper nouns and use of estimated subject area for web page translation. TMI-97: proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, July 23-25, 1997, St.John’s College, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA; pp.10-18. [PDF, 459KB]

(1996) Gen-itiro Kikui: Identifying the coding system and language of on-line documents on the Internet. Coling 1996: the 16th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1996, Center for Sprogteknologi, Copenhagen; pp. 1061-1065. [PDF, 516KB]

(1996) Jörg Schütz: Network-based machine translation services. In: EAMT Workshop, Vienna, 29-30 August 1996. [PDF]

(1996) Jörg Schütz: Combing language technolgy and web technology to streamline an automotive hotline support service. Expanding MT horizons: Proceedings of the Second Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, 2-5 October 1996, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (Washington, DC: AMTA); pp.180-189 [PDF, 151KB]

(1996) Koichi Takeda: Pattern-based machine translation. Coling 1996: the 16th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1996, Center for Sprogteknologi, Copenhagen; pp. 1155-1158. [PDF, 484KB]